The results of the research showed that hydromorphous soils prevail on the territories adjoined to waste heaps. Swampy meadow and sod soils were defined. During investigation of swampy meadow soils it was determined that the soil is humused at a considerable depth. The soils are saturated with the bases. According to granulometric texture it is sandy loam soils, but with depth go to the middle loamy soils. The analysis for labile forms of heavy metals showed that in these soils the content of investigated heavy metals does not exceed the maximum allowable concentrations, except for lead. The amount of humus in sod soils sharply decreases with depth, the reaction is close to neutral. This soil is of slightly heavier granulometric texture. The content of labile forms of heavy metals doesn’t exceed MACs, except for lead.
Purpose. The research purpose is to study the peculiarities of chemical pollution of the Nadiya mine rock dumps in the Chervonohrad Mining District, depending on the relief conditions and slope exposure, as well as to analyze the general trends in the distribution of chemical elements compared to the natural background. Methods. The chemical pollution differentiation of the Nadiya mine rock dumps at the level of ecotopes is studied on the basis of dispersion analysis; multidimensional ordination of ecotopes in the space of geochemical indicators – based on the Principle Component Analysis; a typological scheme of mine rock dump ecotopes is constructed based on discriminant analysis; statistical processing of chemical pollution parameters. Findings. It has been determined that the level of chemical pollution of the Nadiya mine rock dumps is characterized by significant heterogeneity even within the same slope exposure. Similarity in the distribution of chemical elements makes it possible to distinguish 6 of their associations, the main of which are I (Mg, Ca, S) and II (Al, Fe, K, Si). An analysis of the dependence between the chemical element concentrations indicates a close link between many parameters. It has been revealed that the closest dependence on the anthropogenic load intensity is demonstrated by such elements as Mg, Pb, Sn, Fe, Al, Cu, P, Ni, Zn. It has been determined that the difference between the ecotopes of different dump exposures is explained mainly by the level of Ca and Al concentration. Originality. It has been revealed for the first time that the Nadiya mine rock dumps of the Chervonohrad Mining District are characterized by an ecological space, which is assessed on the basis of the ordination of ecotopes on the axes of complex geochemical gradients of the environment. The typological scheme of mine rock dumps reflects the gradient of soil cover chemical pollution compared to the natural background. Practical implications. By determining the geochemical conditions of ecotopes in a certain period of time, it is possible to identify their position in the ecological-cenotic space of dump vegetation, as well as to predict the stability and possible changes in the vegetation cover as a result of various forms of anthropogenic impact.
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Purpose.To define the influence of physical and chemical properties of edaphotopes that are formed at mine dumps within the Novovolynsk mining area (Ukraine) on the biogenic component of the region's ecological safety.Methodology. The genetic horizons and the soils classification have been described according to the provisions of "Atlas of Soils". Physicochemical research on edaphotopes and soils within the horizons were conducted by the methods of N.B. Myakina and E. V. Arinushkina. The granulometric soil composition was determined by N. A. Kachinskii Method, with preparation by the pyrophosphate method; humus -by the Tyurin Method in the modification of Nikitin; pH of water and salt extracts -by the potentiometry method; hydrolytic acidity and the sum of imbibed bases -according to Kappen Method; degree of saturation with bases -by the calculation method; exchangeable calcium and magnesium -by the method of complexometry; easily hydrolyzable nitrogen -according to the Kornfield Method; mobile potassium -by the methods of Chirikov (noncarbonate samples) and Protasova (carbonate samples); mobile phosphorus -by the methods of Chirikov (noncarbonate samples) and Machigin (car bonate samples); СО 2 of carbonates -by means of a calcimeter according to GeislerMaksimyuk Method. The software included a package of application programs Surfer, MS Excel, MS Visio, Paint. The rock temperature was set using an HP1300 pyrometer. Rock moisture was measured using a MG44 moisture meter. The level of radiation background was measured with the use of "Soeks" environmental tester.findings. During field studies in the Novovolynsk mining area, it was found that coal mine dumps are represented by three types of edaphotopes -rock (black) refuse, burnt (gray) rock and bulk soil mixtures. It has been established that the black burnt rock of the waste heap (light loamy soils) contains a significant amount of nitrogen, while the clay mass and middle loamy burnt rock has a very high content of easily hydrolyzable nitrogen (46.2 mg/100 g of rock). The study of burnt gray rock near the ignition sources at No. 9 Novovolynska mine showed that it is characterized by a high content of organic acids of unknown origin. The humus content in reclaimed soils is 0.45-4.52 %, and according to the humus gradation, they can be assigned to the group of soils with low humus content. The high acidity of the soil mixtures on the reclaimed waste heap at No. 2 Novovolynska mine sup presses the development of treeshrubbery vegetation and slows its growth.originality. It has been found that edaphotopes of waste dumps at coal mines of the Novovolynsk mining area are characterized by a low level of supply with organic substances, but high acidity. The patterns of changes in the temperature and humidity condi tions of the waste dump have been determined, where the combustion processes are still observed. It has been proved that burning of dumps determines the change in the physicalchemical properties of the rock refuse and has a direct influence on the develop ment ...
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