SUMMARY
BackgroundNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a significant health problem for which there is no universally accepted pharmacological treatment. The combination of weight loss and antioxidant drugs to ameliorate insulin resistance and improve steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis provides the rational for therapeutic trials.
Objective
To analyze the post-effects of a single bout of resistance exercise on cardiovascular parameters in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD).
Design
Randomized cross-over.
Methods
Seventeen PAD patients performed two experimental sessions: control (C) and resistance exercise (R). Both sessions were identical (8 exercises, 3 × 10 reps), except that R session was performed with intensity between 5–7 in the OMNI-RES scale and the C session was performed without any load. Systolic blood pressure (BP), diastolic BP, heart rate (HR), and rate pressure product (RPP) were measured for one hour after the interventions in the laboratory, and during 24-hour using ambulatory BP monitoring.
Results
After the R session, systolic BP (greatest reduction: −6±2 mmHg, p<0.01) and RPP (greatest reduction: −888±286 mmHg*bpm; p<0.01) decreased until 50 minutes after exercise. From the second hour until 23-hour after exercise BP, HR and RPP product were similar (p>0.05) between R and C sessions. Blood pressure load, nocturnal blood pressure fall and morning surge were also similar between R and C sessions (p>0.05).
Conclusion
A single bout of resistance exercise decreased BP and cardiac work for one hour after exercise in clinical conditions, and did not modify ambulatory cardiovascular variables during 24-hours in patients with PAD.
RESUMOObjetivo: descrever habilidades do desenvolvimento de trigêmeos aos 18 meses e aos 29 meses de vida, enfocando a comunicação. Métodos: irmãos trigêmeos dizigóticos do sexo masculino. Os procedimentos de avaliação englobaram: Anamnese, Observação do Comportamento Comunicativo e Escala de Desenvolvimento de Gesell e Amatruda (2000). As avaliações foram realizadas aos 18 e aos 29 meses. As crianças apresentaram atraso do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor e eram expostas a multilingüismo. Resultados: foi verifi cada alteração nos comportamentos comunicativos nas três crianças, tanto na primeira quanto na segunda avaliação, embora tenha sido observada melhora do desempenho, após as orientações recebidas pela família. Na segunda avaliação foi observada criptofasia. Dos comportamentos motor grosseiro, delicado, adaptativo, pessoal-social e de linguagem, o último foi o mais afetado para as três crianças, apesar de todos estarem alterados considerando a idade cronológica dos trigêmeos. Conclusão: as habilidades do desenvolvimento dos trigêmeos avaliados neste estudo estavam alteradas, acometendo todas as áreas. Ressalta-se maior comprometimento da linguagem tanto aos 18 como aos 29 meses. ■ ■ ABSTRACT Purpose: to describe abilities of triplets' development by 18 months and the 29 months of life, focusing on communication. Methods: dizygotic male sibling triplets. The evaluation procedures included history of disease, observing the communicative behavior and Escala de Desenvolvimento de Gesell e Amatruda (2000). The evaluations were accomplished by the 18 months and the 29 months. The children showed delay in the neuropshycomotor development and were exposed to multilingualism. Results: alteration was verifi ed in the communicative behaviors in the three children, both in the fi rst as well as in the second evaluation, although an amelioration was shown in the performance, after the orientations received by the family. Cryptophasia was observed in the second evaluation. Of the gross motor, fi ne motor-adaptive, personal-social and language behaviors, the last one was the most affected as for the three children, in spite of all of them being altered considering the triplets' chronological age. Conclusion: the abilities of the triplets' development appraised in this study were altered, affecting all the areas. Larger commitment of the language is emphasized both by the age of 18 months as well as by 29 months.
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