The features of F-Theta lenses, the values of the characteristics of the most common models are considered. The conditions for achieving the F-Theta law and the telecentric run of the main rays in the optical scheme of the lens are identified. A formula for the distortion required to provide a linear law, depending on the angle of the inclined beam of rays relative to the optical axisis given. The criteria for the permissible error of deviation from the exact compliance with the linear law are formulated. The relevance of the development of new optical systems for F-Theta lenses is justified.
The article analyzes vertical lathes from a retrospective point of view, defines the stages of formation and development of such machines. The advantages of vertical lathes are analyzed, and an attempt is made to find out the prospects for the development of such machines. The purpose of this work is to clarify the scope of rational use of vertical lathes. The results of calculations proving the advantages of such machines in terms of saving production space in comparison with the horizontal layout are presented.
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