The article deals with the formation of a single innovation space in the agrarian sector of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union with the aim of rational use of their total scientific potential. The approaches to the formation of a common innovative space of the EU countries are considered. A distinctive feature of the modern stage of development of the innovation space in the agro-industrial sector of the Eurasian Economic Union is the intensification of cross-border cooperation of the participating countries. Models of interstate cooperation in the scientific and technical sphere were developed and a "panel of indicators" for the development of the market for scientific and technical products was proposed. Practical recommendations are given on innovation transfer in the agrarian sector of the economy of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union. The economic effect will be manifested in increasing the volume and competitiveness of agricultural products, increasing the yield of agricultural producers, increasing the volume of innovative products and their share in the global agri-food market.
The study aims to scientifically substantiate the application of the scenario approach in predicting the development of the agri-food sector in rural areas. The conceptual novelty of the study is that it develops a scenario forecasting algorithm for the development of the agri-food sector of rural areas in the digital economy. It also clarifies methodological approaches and recommendations for forecasting production volumes of certain agri-food products at the zonal level. The paper shows that digitalization is one of the critical factors that directly ensure an increase in agribusiness efficiency in the current conditions in agriculture. An assessment of the impact of digital transformation processes on the activities of agricultural producers is given, and the advantages of using modern digital technologies in the agricultural sector are highlighted. Furthermore, the results of scenario forecasting of production volumes of agri-food products by farms of all categories are presented in the example of the non-black soil zone of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The study’s preliminary results are as follows: the world experience in scientific research on the use of digital technologies in the activities of agricultural producers was generalized.
According to the objectives of the federal project "Export of Agribusiness Products", the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD) should increase the export of aquatic biological resources (ABR), including fish, to USD 1,338 million by 2024. Fish and fish products are among the top three agricultural exports in Russia (along with grains and oilseeds). The Far East is the main region in the Russian Federation for the capture of fish and other ABR. The article deals with the indicators of production and export of ABR of the fisheries industry of the FEFD, which includes also the Kamchatka Territory, Primorsky Territory, and the Sakhalin region. The authors consider problems that hinder its effective development and analyze directions and measures to solve existing problems. The main negative factors are associated with the infrastructural shortcomings, such as physical and moral deterioration of the fishing fleet, the lack of modern processing facilities, which do not allow producing fish products with high added value in the proper amount. To develop the concerned industry sector and resolve the issues constraining the growth of production and export capacity in the entities of the FEFD, the Russian government has developed special programs to promote investment activity, the construction of the necessary fishing fleet and infrastructure facilities, and modernization of existing facilities.
Since the establishment of the independent state of Israel, the main emphasis in the agricultural sector has been placed on the development of agricultural cooperatives, while funds have been purposefully allocated for their creation. Cooperatives have gone through signifi cant milestones in their development. The liberalization of the world economic complex off ered its own tools for the development of the Israeli economy, proclaiming the primacy of market principles, which imply a sharp reduction in government interference in the activities of the cooperative system. Today, Israel’s modern, highly effi cient cooperatives continue to dominate agriculture. The transition from a de facto monopoly in the agricultural sector with the need, on the one hand, to diversify the structure of production and management, on the other, while deepening specialization in accordance with the emerging conjuncture of the domestic and international food markets, ensured their de facto dominant position in the hierarchy of producers in the agricultural sector, in to a large extent ensuring the satisfaction of the country’s needs for food. It should be emphasized that the experience of Israel in the development of agricultural cooperation can and should, after critical consideration, be used in the form of its individual aspects in domestic practice.
The study aims at assessing the current aquaculture insurance in the Russian market. Due to this, it is necessary to understand the role of the aquaculture industry in the economy and determine its development in Russia, as well as to assess the modern concepts and processes of the aquaculture insurance. According to the general conclusions of the study, the fish farmers’ need in insurance varies depending on the type and size of aquaculture enterprises, the financial structure of their business, and the types of the grown aquatic organisms. In the study it is indicated that the aqua-insurance has not yet become a marketing instrument to minimize economic risks for most fish farmers. This is mainly due to the fact that the aquaculture industry in Russia is still relatively small, and therefore there is a lack of knowledge and experience in the aquaculture insurance. However, the Russia’s strategic position, an extensive fund of inland waters and marine areas, and a diverse species composition of farmed and cultivated aquatic biological resources make the aquaculture development rather attractive for business development. Thus, in the study it is concluded that in case of the further development of fish farming, the demand for knowledge and experience in the area of aquaculture insurance will increase.
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