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As geographic information systems (GIS) technology matures and develops sophisticated decision support applications, there is an increasing need to optimise humancomputer interaction (HG) aspects. Although further advances in graphic interface design and operator training are required, the principal challenge is now in the ergonomics of shared cognitive responsibility between operator and computer system. Asound and comprehensive theoretical framework is required to understand and develop this relationship. Mental modelling provides an appropriate psychological paradigm wh ich may be applied through arranging appropriate levels of cognitive control, (modes of engagement), for GIS operations. The validation of such a theoretical model demands the use of appropriate research methodologies within a multidisciplinary HG in GIS research program. A substantial reference list is provided to ass ist research in this field.

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This chapter discusses how community processes may be facilitated through the use of information systems (IS), developed via a highly participative methodology. It examines the utility of several approaches to modeling community information requirements. By way of illustration, it describes progress on the participative development of the Ieramugadu Cultural Information System (ICIS). This project is designed to develop and evaluate innovative procedures for elicitation, analysis, storage and communication of indigenous cultural heritage information. It is investigating culturally appropriate IS design techniques, multimedia approaches, and ways to ensure protection of secret/sacred information. Development of ICIS is being carried out in close cooperation with an indigenous community in Western Australia.

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