Modern culture, with its rapidly increasing reliance on information exchange, requires that we develop a better understanding of the communication process. Because communication is such a complex process, previous communication models have generally oversimplified the process and failed to provide a usable, systematic overview of it. The Targowski/Bowman model introduces a new paradigm that isolates the various components for individual measurement and analysis, places the components into a unified whole, and places communication and its business component into a larger cultural context.
COMMUNICATION MODELS: THE OLD AND THE NEW
IN SPITE OF THE INTEREST IN perception and language that hasexisted at least since Aristotle, communication was essentially taken for granted until the 1940s. The advent of radio and television, increased individual mobility during and after World War II, and the post-War concept of family progress through education were among the factors contributing to the recognition of the role communication plays in our daily lives. This increase in communication activity since WWII has been well documented in a variety of places. For our purposes, it is sufficient to note that computers and modern modes of travel, both of which greatly accelerate communication activities, are currently putting increased pressure on us to understand the nature of communication.In a previous paper, we examined a number of influential communication models, including the &dquo;transmission&dquo; model, essentially developed by Shannon and Weaver (1949); communication reaction models, essentially developed by Schramm (1954); the sender-*We are indebted to Annette Shelby, Phillip V. Lewis, John M. Penrose, and Richard O. Pompian who read early versions of this paper and provided numerous helpful suggestions.-This article is a companion piece to last issue's &dquo;Modeling the Communication Process: The Map is Not the Territory,&dquo; by the same authors.-Ed.
Conclusion 57 References 60 Endnotes 61 Chapter III The Civilization Index 62 Introduction 62 The Next Entity to Measure 62 The Architecture of a Civilization 63 Characteristics of a Civilization 66 The Civilization Index Strategies of Civilization Development 69 The Challenges for Civilizations and People 72 Conclusion References Endnotes
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