Abstract-Clouds are distributed Internet-based platforms that provide highly resilient and scalable environments to be used by enterprises in a multitude of ways. Cloud computing offers enterprises technology innovation that business leaders and IT infrastructure managers can choose to apply based on how and to what extent it helps them fulfil their business requirements. It is crucial that all technical consultants have a rigorous understanding of the ramifications of cloud computing as its influence is likely to spread the complete IT landscape. Security is one of the major concerns that is of practical interest to decision makers when they are making critical strategic operational decisions. Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks are becoming more frequent and effective over the past few years, since the widely publicised DDoS attacks on the financial services industry that came to light in September and October 2012 and resurfaced in the past two years. In this paper, we introduce advanced cloud security technologies and practices as a series of concepts and technology architectures, from an industry-centric point of view. This is followed by classification of intrusion detection and prevention mechanisms that can be part of an overall strategy to help understand identify and mitigate potential DDoS attacks on business networks. The paper establishes solid coverage of security issues related to DDoS and virtualisation with a focus on structure, clarity, and well-defined blocks for mainstream cloud computing security solutions and platforms. In doing so, we aim to provide industry technologists, who may not be necessarily cloud or security experts, with an effective tool to help them understand the security implications associated with cloud adoption in their transition towards more knowledge-based systems.

Using fiction in teaching sociology involves what Harvey Sacks calls "sociological reconstruction". Numerous comments on teaching sociology provide advice and suggestions on the use of literature and "what counts" as "sociological" literature, including specific titles. This paper goes further: while the use of literature is a routine feature of sociological accounts, discerning the relevance of a novel, or a passage within a novel, to sociological themes is an analyst's achievement. It requires work both by the teacher and the student to recognize the relevance of fiction to sociology. Previous studies on fiction in sociology focus on the pedagogic aspects of using novels but fail to acknowledge the key problem of "sociological reconstruction" attempted through the use of novels. The paper explicates the crucial and generic issue of "corpus status", which is fore-grounded by the use of nonsociological materials in sociology.

A case study was conducted within two Faculties in the University of Ulster during academic year 2010-11. Its aims were: to assess levels of undergraduate ebook use; how, why, and for what purpose undergraduate students chose to use or not use e-books; assess barriers to use; and consider promotional strategies.Data were collected by means of a desk-based usage comparison and self-completion online questionnaire. Findings were considered using Diffusion of Innovation theory and Roesnita and Zainab's Ebook Use Model.Ebooks are used thirty times more than print counterparts. Users expressed a definite preference for print books; format choice is dependent upon study need. Usage has not yet reached selfsustaining take-off. Ebooks cannot be considered interchangeable with books; promotion should take account of how ebooks are considered "different" from print.

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and the analytic affinities with Harold Garfinkel and Harvey Sacks established in the formative development of Ethnomethodology. The article introduces the Ethno-inquiries approach to sociological interviews. Using a project that captured ordinary, oral accounts of the 1996 bombing of Manchester, England, this article shows how the epistemological and methodological attitude of the Ethno-inquiries towards talk -recognizing the linguistic constitution of the social world, avoiding methodological irony, letting informants rather than analysts organize topics -affords fine-grained analyses of ordinary actions within extraordinary events. This article discusses important aspects of interviewing including data gathering and the nature of 'interview data', the selection of interviewees and getting the story. A series of vignettes demonstrates the enabling potential of this analytic attitude towards people's accounts.One year later, a research project 2 sought first-person accounts from people who were present on that morning and those who had been affected by the explosion. The bombing of Manchester City Centre was used as a critical event with which to recreate the seminal, linguistically oriented ethnography conducted by Edward Rose (1997 [1965]).This article outlines particular themes: why the bombing of Manchester City Centre was chosen as a topic of investigation; how the study was conducted; and discusses some topics of analysis which were suggested by people through their talking about the Manchester bomb. It proceeds to show how these topics are available for study using a research programme known as the 'Ethno-inquiries'. 3 This moves us towards explication of people's practical activities in talking about the bomb -how situations are defined -rather than trying to achieve thick description (Geertz, 1975).The opportunities for people to talk about the bomb were interviews. This article gives analytic attention to interviews in their own right, rather than employing them in the service of other methods; and discusses the use of interviews as exemplars of the Ethno-inquiries and how they relate to Ethnomethodology. A recent review of approaches to interviews in this journal (Roulston, 2006) fails to mention the Ethno-inquiries as part of the Ethnomethodological 'family'. This current article is part of a growing corpus of studies that addresses this gap within sociological discourse.This article engages with the contingencies of doing fieldwork in research on physically bounded areas, spaces and places, considering the status and usefulness of forms of 'data'. 4 It looks at how people talk about their environment in the aftermath of a major incident. It discusses the 'Ethno-inquiries' programme for researching bounded spaces developed by Edward Rose, using the methods of his 'skid row' or 'Larimer Street' studies (Rose, 1997(Rose, [1965) to investigate people's understandings of a changing urban setting.First, however, this article discusses Edward Rose, his development of the Ethno-inquiries, his relationship w...

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