Willem Van de Wall (18871953) and Max Kaplan (191198) built careers spanning music performance, music education, adult education, sociology, social work, music therapy and community music. Willem Van de Wall was a seminal influence on the development of the fields of music therapy and
adult education researching the role of music in institutional settings, including prisons, psychiatric hospitals and general hospitals. Throughout his illustrious career, Max Kaplan was dedicated to community music and is lauded for his sociological research on music and music education,
most notably, his study of leisure. By giving us a glimpse into their community music activities during the New Deal, these two scholars offer important lessons for today's community music scholars, practitioners and policy makers.
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