In the current competitive context, innovation has become a necessity, to the point that it seems that no company can survive without developing innovation processes. One of the great concerns of small and medium-sized companies is about the investment of resources in innovation activities and their success. Therefore, this article analyzes the influence of different innovation activities performed by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) of the Colombian Caribbean region on their product innovation outcomes and thereby provides a solid groundwork for the design of innovation strategies. To achieve this objective, a data collection instrument was first validated in 56 SMEs, followed by the application of a reflective measurement model with convergent validity analysis. The results of the model application revealed that investment in Research and Development (R&D) and innovation, knowledge transfer, technology adoption, and financial aspects explain to a greater extent the introduction of new products to the market.
For many years teachers have found unmotivated or bored students in the classroom. The objective of this article is the proposal of the pedagogical practice, the "Free Shots", which creates a metaphor between the sport and the classroom, favoring the participation and the protagonism of the student during the teaching-learning process. Through gamification and teamwork, intercreativity and the development of competencies that seek to form integral citizens, capable of working individually or in groups and being able to formulate strategies to carry out strategic planning aimed at obtaining results. The pedagogical practice is based on two theories: Problem-Based Learning and Edgar Dale's Learning Pyramid. An impact evaluation of the strategy was carried out in three different scenarios in order to determine its effectiveness. The results of the impact evaluation under the scenarios studied show improvement of up to 1.58 on the average of the students as well as a greater confidence to speak in public and strengthening teamwork.
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