Objective: To estimate the time of decision (TD) to look for medical care and the time of arrival (TA) at the health service for men (M) and women (W) suffering from acute myocardial infarction and to analyze the influence of the interpretation of pain and pain resistance behaviors during these times. Methods: This is an exploratory research, performed at the university hospital in Salvador/Bahia. 43 W and 54 M were interviewed. To study the dependence among sociodemographic and gender variables, the Fisher Exact Test was used. To analyze times, a geometric mean (GM) was used. In order to verify the association between the GM of TD and TA and the judgment of pain, and between the GM of TD and TA and the behavior of resistance to pain, as well as to test the time of interaction between the gender variable and other variables of interest, the robust regression model was used. The statistical significance adopted was 5%. Results: The GM of the TD for M was 1.13 h; for W, 0.74 h. The GM of the TA was 1.74 h for M and 1.47 h for W. Those who did not recognize the symptoms of AMI and presented behavior of resistance to pain had higher TD and TA, being the associations significant. Gender did not change the associations of interest. Conclusion:The findings demonstrate the importance of health education aiming at the benefits of early treatment.
Portuguese / English: www.scielo.br/reeusp RESUMO Estudo de corte transversal que avaliou parâmetros clínicos e antropométricos em 100 indivíduos com doença arterial coronária, atendidos em um ambulatório de cardiologia preventiva em um hospital público, em Salvador/BA. Na coleta de dados empregou-se entrevista, avaliação clínica e laboratorial. Os resultados foram analisados em médias e percentuais. Predominou homens, faixa etária <60 anos, raça/cor negra casado(a)s, baixa escolaridade e renda, indivíduos sem ocupação e com diagnóstico de infarto do miocárdio. A maioria relatou hipertensão arterial, dislipidemia, sedentarismo, abandono do tabagismo e da bebida alcoólica. Todas as mulheres e 82% dos homens tinham circunferência abdominal aumentada, 19% glicemia casual >200 mg/ dL, 36% sobrepeso, 28% obesidade, 65% algum estágio de hipertensão arterial, 65% HDL-C baixo e 43% estava com colesterol total alto. Em indivíduos de alto risco cardiovascular e condições socioeconômicas deficitárias constatou-se o descontrole de vários fatores de risco cardiovascular, demandando práticas de cuidar efetivas para o controle da doença. DESCRITORES ABSTRACTThis cross-sectional study evaluated the clinical and anthropometrical parameters of 100 individuals with coronary artery disease, who were assisted at preventive cardiology outpatient clinic at a public hospital in Salvador/BA. Data collection was performed through interviews and both clinical and laboratory evaluations. The results were analyzed as averages and percentages. Most participants were black men, aged <60 years, married, low education level and small income, unemployed and diagnosed with myocardial infarction. Most reported having arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, a sedentary lifestyle, and had quit smoking and drinking. All women and 82% of the men had an increased abdominal circumference, 19% had causal blood glucose>200 mg/dL, 36% was overweight, 28% were obese, 65% were in soma stage of hypertension, 65% had low HDL-C and 43% had high total cholesterol. It was observed that individuals with high cardiovascular risk and deficient socioeconomic conditions show a lack of control of several cardiovascular risk factors, thus demanding effective health care practices to control the illness.
The purpose was to estimate the decision time (DT) for searching for attendance for men and women suffering from acute myocardial infarction (AMI); and to analyze the influence of surrounding variables in the DT. Transversal study, involving one hundred patients interviewed in hospitals of Salvador-BA, Brazil. For data analysis, it was used the chi-squared or Fisher's exact test, and the Robust Linear Regression Model. AMI at the home predominated, with family members and patients receiving mistaken actions. A high DT was observed both, for women (0.9h) and men (1.4h). Those at home during the initial symptoms had higher DT, compared to those at work; and lower in relation to those in public spaces (p=0.047). Statistically significant interaction occurred among gender and the fact of living with company; and among gender and having a companion and children, for the outcome of the DT. Nursing care focused on the specificity of surrounding factors and gender can optimize early attendance.
BackgroundPsoriasis is a chronic dermatosis of unknown etiology with a tendency to relapse after treatment. The disease is frequently linked to psychological stress due to the embarrassment caused by the lesions.ObjectiveTo analyze the stress level presented by psoriasis patients followed at the Dermatology Service of a public hospital in Salvador, Bahia state, Brazil.MethodsA cross-sectional study of a consecutive convenience sample composed of 60 participants. We used Lipp's Stress Symptoms Inventory for Adults to assess stress levels. The questionnaire identifies and classifies physical and psychological symptoms according to three stages of stress: alarming, resistance, and exhaustion. We also collected socio-demographic and clinical data that could be associated with psoriasis.Results85% of the participants presented stress. Lipp's questionnaire results revealed that 48% were in the resistance stage and 37% in the exhaustion stage. Women presented higher levels of stress. Of the total 28 women, 64% were in exhaustion stage, 29% in the resistance stage, and only 7% presented no stress symptoms. Of the total 32 men, 44% were in resistance stage, 34% in exhaustion stage, and 22% presented no stress symptoms. Regarding physical and psychological symptoms, psychological symptomatology was prevalent (55%).ConclusionsBased on the number of patients in exhaustion stage, we can conclude that stress levels of the participants were high regardless the type of psoriasis and treatment duration.
Como citar este artigo: Mussi FC, Portela PP, Barretto LES, Gama GGG, Mendes AS, Macêdo TTS. Consumo de bebida alcoólica e tabagismo em homens hipertensos. Rev baiana enferm 2018;32:e20383.Objetivo: caracterizar o consumo de bebida alcoólica e tabagismo em homens hipertensos. Método: trata-se de estudo transversal, com amostra de conveniência, sendo 130 homens entrevistados. Dados analisados em percentuais, médias e desvio padrão. Resultados: a média de idade foi de 58,32 (dp=9,99). Predominaram casados, negros, baixa classe socioeconômica, ensino fundamental completo/incompleto, ativos profissionalmente. Observou-se que 37,7% eram fumantes passivos, 34,6% ex-tabagistas e 7,7% fumavam, predominando o uso de cigarro. Consumiam bebida alcoólica 52,3% dos homens, os demais nunca consumiram (18,5%) ou haviam parado (29,2%). Maior proporção consumia cerveja, bebidas destiladas e vinho, sendo o uso maior no final de semana (cerveja 32,4% vs 94,15; destilada 13,2% vs 22,0% e vinho 10,3% vs 17,6%) e excessivo para 67,6% dos homens. Conclusão: houve proporção elevada de fumantes passivos e consumo excessivo de álcool no final de semana. Uma proposta terapêutica compartilhada deve combater esses fatores de risco junto aos homens.
Objective: To analyze the access times of men and women who are having a myocardial infarction to referral hospitals in cardiology and the correlation between them. Methods: Cross-sectional research, involving 100 victims of a myocardial infarction who were interviewed at referral hospitals in cardiology. To analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics were used with statistical significance. Results: The access times were long (decision to seek care, arrival to first health service, time in care network and admission to referral hospitals in cardiology), except for the transportation time, mainly for women. The decision time contributed more to the time it took to arrive at the first health service and the time in the care network contributed more to the time to arrive at the referral hospitals in cardiology. Conclusion: The long time waiting for specialized care reflects the lack of structure of the health services and the long decision time reflects the participants' lack of recognition of the myocardial infarction. ResumoObjetivo: Analisar os tempos relacionados ao acesso de homens e mulheres com infarto do miocárdio a hospitais referência em cardiologia e a correlação entre eles. Métodos: Pesquisa transversal, com 100 pessoas com infarto entrevistadas em hospitais referência em cardiologia. Dados analisados por estatística descritiva e inferencial, adotando-se significância estatística. Resultados: Os tempos foram elevados (decisão para atendimento, chegada ao primeiro serviço de saúde, permanência na rede de atenção e admissão em hospitais referência em cardiologia), exceto o de transporte, sobretudo para mulheres. Houve maior contribuição do tempo de decisão na composição do tempo de chegada ao primeiro serviço de saúde e do tempo de permanência na rede na composição do tempo de chegada aos hospitais referência em cardiologia. Conclusão: A longa espera por atenção especializada reflete a falta de estrutura dos serviços de saúde, e o tempo de decisão elevado reflete a falta do não reconhecimento do infarto pelos participantes. KeywordsHealth services accessibility; Public health nursing; Education, nursing; Myocardial infarction Descritores Acesso aos serviços de saúde; Enfermagem em saúde pública; Educação em enfermagem; Infarto do miocárdio
<p>Objetivo: analisar as repercussões das atividades de educação permanente nas práticas assistenciais dos profissionais de enfermagem. Método: pesquisa qualitativa, realizada em um hospital universitário de grande porte localizado no município de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. Foram entrevistados 17 profissionais de enfermagem, entre os meses de setembro e dezembro de 2017. Os dados coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada foram processados no software IRAMUTEQ. Resultados: obteve-se um percentual de retenção do texto de 80,3%, 320 Unidades de Contexto Elementares e 5 classes lexicais. Os entrevistados atribuíram à participação nas atividades de educação permanente um papel relevante, com repercussões positivas para a assistência de enfermagem. Conclusão: a participação em atividades de educação permanente levou à sensibilização sobre as necessidades educativas e, assim, pôde favorecer maior satisfação com o trabalho e melhor qualidade na assistência, visto que os profissionais de enfermagem passaram a sentir-se mais qualificados e atualizados.</p><p>Descritores: Educação Permanente. Capacitação em Serviço. Equipe de Enfermagem. Assistência de Enfermagem. Serviços de Saúde.</p>
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