The article offers a relatively new theoretical framework articulating macro, meso and micro levels of analysis of the migration process, which often are disconnected in the sociology of migration. This alternative approach rests on the classical sociological concept of career. The concept of migratory career integrates structures of opportunities, individual characteristics and networks to make sense of the migratory experience. This concept helps us to fill the gap between scholars of migration and people’s movement on the one hand, and scholars of integration and incorporation in the new country, on the other hand. Migratory career must be considered as an additional concept to the traditional concepts such as integration, assimilation or incorporation, which are mainly focused on the situation of migrants in the receiving country. Furthermore, the use of the concept of migratory career allows to connect the theoretical thinking on migration to mainstream sociological theories.

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Presses de Sciences Po | Sociologies pratiques 2012/1 -n° 24 pages 67 à 78 ISSN 1295-9278Article disponible en ligne à l'adresse:

The October 2000 elections did constitute a landmark for the political participation of immigrant origin citizens in the Brussels Capital Region. There was a remarkable increase of elected Belgian politicians of non-EU--mainly Moroccan--origin. In this contribution we want to discuss the changing patterns of political participation of immigrant origin citizens in the Brussels Capital Region as seen in the most recent local elections. We contextualize the electoral success of Turkish and (mainly) Moroccan politicians and the poor involvement of EU citizens in the recent elections. To this purpose, we also discuss the political situation in the bilingual region of Brussels, Belgian citizenship law and regulations for political participation of foreign residents. Les Flections en octobre 2000 constituent un jalon dans l'histoire de la participation politique des citoyens d'origine immigr~e dans la rdgion de la capitale beige. En fait, h Bruxelles, il y a eu une hausse remarquable dans le nombre de politiciens belges qui ne sont pas originairas de l'Union europdenne et qui se sont faits dlire, notamment chez ceux d" origine marocaine. Dans cet article, on dvoque I'dvolution de Ia participation politique des citoyens d'origine immigrFe dans la r~gion de la capitale belge telle qu'illustrFe par les derni&es dlections locales. On tentera de contextualiser le succ~s ~lectoraI des politiciens turcs, et surtout marocains, ainsi que la pi~tre implication des citoyens originaires de l'Union europ~enne dans les dlections r~centes. Pour ce faire, il faudra ~galement dvoquer la situation politique dans la rFgion bilingue de Bruxelles, les textes l~gislatifs beiges touchant la citoyennetd et les r~glements relatifs la participation politique des rdsidents Ftrangers. Ke}~ words/Mots-clefs: Ethnic minorities/minorit6s ethniques; political participation/participation politique; political representation/repr6sentation politique; local democracy/d6mocratie locale. 9 2002 by PCERII. All rights reserved./Tous droits r6serv6s, ISSN: 1488 3473 JIMI/RIMIVolume 3 Number/num6ro 2 (Spring/printemps 2002):201-221 JACOBS, MARTINIELLO and REA

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Schematically one can distinguish two traditions related to ethnic statistics in Europe. In France, Germany and most southern European countries, the dominant statistical categorisations merely distinguish individuals on the basis of their nationality. In contrast, most northern European countries have been producing data on the ethnic and ⁄ or foreign origin of their populations. Belgium is caught somewhere in between these two traditions. The French speaking part of Belgium tends to follow the French tradition of refusing ethnic categorisation, while the Flemish try to copy the Dutch model in distinguishing ''allochthones'' and ''autochthones.'' This contribution offers an analysis of the construction of ethnic categories as it has been undertaken in the Dutch context and (partially) imported in Belgium.

La revue scientifique électronique pour les recherches sur Bruxelles / Het elektronisch wetenschappelijk tijdschrift voor onderzoek over Brussel / The e-journal for academic research on Brussels Notes de synthèse | 2009 Les jeunesses bruxelloises : inégalité sociale et diversité culturelle Note de synthèse, EGB nº 9 Brusselse jongeren: sociale ongelijkheid en culturele diversiteit Young people in Brussels: social inequality and cultural diversity