The shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora.
RESUMO:Este trabalho apresenta o estudo morfoanatômico das folhas e caules de Microlicia hatschbachii Wurdack, Melastomataceae. Esta espécie possui folhas elípticas a oval-elípticas, margem inteira, ápice agudo e base simétrica e arredondada. A lâmina foliar é anfiestomática, com estômatos do tipo anisocítico e anomocítico, a epiderme é uniestratificada, com células isodiamétricas em secção transversal, e presença de inúmeros tricomas glandulares. O mesofilo é do tipo isobilateral com feixe vascular bicolateral envolvido por algumas células esclerenquimáticas na nervura central. O caule tem secção quadrangular a circular e epiderme unisseriada, com tricomas similares aos da folha. Drusas de oxalato de cálcio foram encontradas nas folhas e no caule. Unitermos: Microlicia hatschbachii, Melastomataceae, morfoanatomia.ABSTRACT: This work shows the morpho-anatomical study of leaf and stem of Microlicia hatschbachii Wurdack (Melastomataceae). Its leaves are elliptic to oval-elliptic, with entire margin, acute apex and rounded symmetrical base. The leaf blade is amphistomatical with anisocytic and anomocytic stomata, in transection the epidermis is uniseriate with isodiametric cells and presence of several glandular trichomes. The mesophyll is isobilateral with bicollateral vascular bundles surrounded by some sclerenchymatic cells in midrib. The stem has a quadrangular to circular transection and uniseriate epidermis with trichomes like ones of leaf. Several druses of calcium oxalate are found in the leaf and stem.
O cenário atual das coleções botânicas do município de Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brasil é apresentado. As informações foram obtidas através de consultas a bancos de dados virtuais, referências bibliográficas e trabalhos de campo. Até o momento, a flora inclui 1.057 espécies distribuídas em 950 angiospermas, 38 pteridófitas (licófitas e samambaias) e 69 briófitas (musgos e hepáticas). Dentre estas, 36 espécies estão ameaçadas de extinção, 101 são novas ocorrências para a Bahia e seis endêmicas do município. Os dados aqui levantados demonstram a necessidade de aprofundar o conhecimento da diversidade florística do município de modo a direcionar as ações que visem a conservação da flora da região, por meio de coletas sistemáticas, melhoria na qualidade das identificações, enriquecimento das coleções botânicas e produção de monografias taxonômicas.
Two new species of Marcetia {Marcetia paganuccii and M. cardosoana) are described and compared with their closely related species. The two new species were found exclusively in mountainous areas of the Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil. Illustrations, distribution maps, conservation status and SEM photographs of leaves and seeds for both species are provided.
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