OBJETIVOS: conhecer a percepção dos pais para o diagnóstico de leucemia em seus filhos. MÉTODOS: pesquisa qualitativa tendo como referencial a teoria das representações sociais ancorada na tradição da sociologia compreensiva. Utilizou-se entrevista semi estruturada para a coleta de dados. Foram entrevistados 20 pais de crianças e adolescentes com diagnóstico de leucemia linfóide aguda (LLA). Para análise dos dados empregou-se a técnica de "análise do conteúdo". As diretrizes de humanização da assistência e princípios bioéticos foram os eixos norteadores da análise dos dados. RESULTADOS: os pais recordaram-se claramente da progressão dos sintomas da doença até o diagnóstico. A palavra leucemia foi associada ao câncer e à morte. Dificuldades relacionadas à escuta dos sintomas, a particularidades clínicas da leucemia e ao encaminhamento no sistema de saúde foram os principais motivos para a demora do diagnóstico definitivo. Destacam-se as peregrinações por diferentes locais, perda da resolubilidade, gastos desnecessários, desgaste emocional e atraso nas ações de saúde. CONCLUSÕES: o câncer envolve valores culturais sobre a morte, cuja carga simbólica é maior no caso da criança. A busca do diagnóstico da leucemia pelos pais é exemplo emblemático do tortuoso caminho percorrido quando o mal que acomete a criança não se enquadra no rótulo das doenças "comuns".
Despite high cure rates, approximately 20% of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have disease relapse. Isolated recurrence in oral cavity is extremely unusual. The aim of this paper is to report a case of an isolated relapse occurred in a child with T-lineage ALL. Clinical picture included swelling and pain in the right upper gingiva of the oral cavity, with no other clinical or hematological alterations. Diagnosis was confirmed by biopsy and immunohistochemical staining. Bone marrow aspiration was normal. Five months later leukemic infiltration of the bone marrow was detected and systemic chemotherapy was reintroduced. This case report highlights the relevance of dental care during and after chemotherapy, not only to treat lesions in the oral cavity resulting from the disease itself or from treatment side effects, but also to detect unusual sites of ALL relapse.
SUMMARY OBJECTIVE Describe the clinical and demographic characteristics of pediatric patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) enrolled in a tertiary unit of Pediatric Hematology between 1982-2015. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective cohort study of 140 patients aged 16 years or less with NHL. Demographic characteristics, data on diagnosis, and outcomes were analyzed. The overall survival (OS) analysis and stratification by the most frequent histological subtypes were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS One hundred and thirty-six patients with de novo NHL and four with NHL as a second malignancy were analyzed. The median age at diagnosis was 6.4 years (interquartile range, 4.2 to 11.1 years); 101 patients were males. Four patients had primary immunodeficiency, four had human immunodeficiency virus, two post-liver transplantation, and one had autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome. The most frequent histological type was NHL of mature B- cell (B-NHL-B; 67.1%), with Burkitt’s lymphoma being the most frequent subtype, and lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL, 21.4%). The main clinical manifestation at the diagnosis was abdominal tumors (41.4%). During the follow-up time, 13 patients relapsed, but five of them reached a second remission. Thirty-five patients died, and 103 remained alive in clinical remission. No contact was possible for two patients. The OS at 5 years was 74.5% (± 3.8%). The OS estimated for patients with LBL, NHL-B, and the remaining was 80.4%±7.9%, 72.8%±4.7%, and 74.5%±11%, respectively (P = 0.58). CONCLUSION Our results are comparable with cohorts from other middle-income countries.
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