This study has pointed out that acupuncture reflexotherapy has a real benefit in patients with sensory urgency that persists after transurethral resection of the prostate.

Our study shows that recurrence and death are possible even in patients with small renal tumors. MVD, VEGF and Flk-1 expression do not depend on tumor size in pT1a RCC. Therefore, to date Fuhrman grading appears to be the only factor predictive of survival even in small RCC. Thus, Fuhrman grading is predictive of mortality. While VEGF is not predictive of survival as a single parameter, based on its percent of expression (lower or higher than 25%) it can determine 2 groups that are different from the prognostic point of view.

This comprehensive classification could be a useful tool in urological and andrological clinical practice, and for research purposes.

The rising incidence rate of the cancer in the prostate gland has increased the demand for improved diagnostic, imaging, and therapeutic approaches. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), with folate hydrolase and carboxypeptidase and, internalization activities, is highly expressed in the epithelial cells of the prostate gland and is strongly upregulated in prostatic adenocarcinoma, with elevated expression correlating with, metastasis, progression, and androgen independence. Recently, PSMA has been an active target of investigation by several approaches, including the successful utilization of small molecule inhibitors, RNA aptamer conjugates, PSMA-based immunotherapy, and PSMA-targeted prodrug therapy. Future investigations of PSMA in prostate cancer (PCa) should focus in particular on its intracellular activities and functions. The objective of this contribution is to review the current role of PSMA as a marker for PCa diagnosis, imaging, and therapy.

It is likely that imaging will be extensively used in the future to detect and localize prostate cancer local recurrences before salvage treatment.

Our data indicate that NNMT is a promising biomarker that could be used to support the early and noninvasive diagnosis of BC.

TURP for large prostate glands is a safe procedure without showing a different complication rate compared with TURP for recommended volumes. Patients with a baseline prostate volume of greater than 70 ml seem to achieve better improvement in obstruction and symptoms.

No abstract