The camu-camu, like many other Amazonian fruits, shows an excellent potential for use due to its high vitamin C content, and the use of these natural resources could result in greater development of the Amazonian region. Few studies have been conducted with this fruit, and such studies are necessary in order to develop the required technology to allow for its utilization, thus avoiding or at least decreasing wastage of such a rich raw material. The principle objective of this study was to develop a process for the microencapsulation of camu-camu juice, optimizing the operational conditions. The processing conditions consisted of blanching at a temperature of 95 +/- 2 degrees C for 2 min, followed by cooling in an ice bath and juice extraction using a brush type depulper. The juice was dried with gum arabic or malt dextrin in a mini-spray dryer using an air entry temperature of between 100-160 degrees C and wall material concentration varying between 5-35%, in accordance with a factorial experimental design. Both the air entry temperature and the amount of wall material, plus the interaction between the two, gave significant positive effects at the level of 5% probability on the yield of juice powder. The optimum conditions for juice yield and vitamin C retention were established as 15% wall material and an air entry temperature of 150 degrees C.
A quem a correspondência deve ser enviada. 3 . FZEA -ZEA -Universidade de São Paulo. End.: Rua Duque de Caxias Norte, n. 225, Centro, Pirassununga, São Paulo. CEP: 13635-900. E-mail: carmenft@usp.br RESUMOA páprica ( L.) é um corante vermelho largamente empregado na indústria de alimentos. Entretanto, por ser à base de carotenóides este produto é suscetível à oxidação. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi microencapsular oleoresina de pá-prica, avaliar a morfologia das microcápsulas, a distribuição e o tamanho das partículas e a solubilidade. Para tanto, foi utilizado o processo de microencapsulação por atomização e os agentes encapsulantes goma arábica e grânulos porosos de amido/gelatina. A avaliação morfológica, feita por microscopia eletrônica de varredura, mostrou que as microcápsulas elaboradas com goma ará-bica possuíam formato arredondado, com concavidades, sem poros ou rachaduras, paredes contínuas e o recheio estava distribuído em vacúolos nas paredes; já as produzidas com grânulos porosos de amido/gelatina apresentavam formato arredondado, paredes formadas pela aglomeração dos grânulos e coladas pela gelatina, entretanto, apresentavam poros ou interstícios. A distribuição do tamanho de partículas apresentou comportamento unimodal, com tamanho médio de 16 e 20,3 m para as microcápsu-las produzidas com goma e amido/gelatina, respectivamente. Portanto, foi possível microencapsular oleoresina de páprica pelo método de atomização, com os dois agentes encapsulantes testados; a análise da morfologia deu indícios de que a oleoresina estaria mais protegida quando encapsulada em goma arábica; as temperaturas utilizadas na microencapsulação foram adequadas; as microcápsulas apresentaram tamanhos dentro da faixa obtida para este tipo de processo e excelente solubilidade. microencapsulação; atomização; morfologia; oleoresina de páprica; goma arábica; aglomerados porosos de amido/gelatina. ) is a bright red coloring product of large use by the food industry. Rich in carotenoids, paprika is susceptible to oxidative degradation. Considering these aspects, this research is aimed to microencapsulate paprika oleoresin and to evaluate morphological characteristics, distribution and average particle size and the solubility of microencapsulated paprika oleoresin. The microencapsulation was carried out by spray drying, in porous agglomerates of rice starch/gelatin and arabic gum. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed, for arabic gum microcapsules, a cylindrical shape with a continuous wall with no apparent porosity or cracks and the core was distributed within the wall. The porous agglomerates of rice starch/gelatin microcapsules also presented a cylindrical shape; the walls were formed by the granules of rice starch, which was glued by gelatin; however the structure was shown to be porous. Both materials presented unimodal distribution, with an average particle size of 16 and 20.3 m for arabic gum and starch/gelatin microcapsules, respectively. In spite of that it is possible to microencapsulate paprika oleo...
Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a funcionalidade da oleoresina de páprica microencapsulada em goma-arábica e amido de arroz/gelatina, incorporada nos sistemas-modelo bolo e gel de gelatina. Avaliou-se a cor por meio de medida instrumental e aceitação sensorial por atributos de aparência e aceitação global. O pigmento encapsulado solubilizou-se, tingiu e se distribuiu uniformemente nos bolos, os quais apresentaram boa aceitação global. Nos géis, a goma apresentou desempenho superior ao amido/gelatina quanto à aparência, porém, todos os tratamentos obtiveram baixa aceitação global. A presença da oleoresina microencapsulada não interferiu negativamente no sabor, aroma ou textura dos sistemas analisados.Termos para indexação: encapsulação, especiaria, atomização, teste de aceitação. Functionality of microencapsulated paprika oleoresin in arabic gum and rice starch/gelatinAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the functionality of microencapsulated paprika oleoresin in arabic gum and rice starch/gelatin incorporated into the model systems: cake and gelatin gel. The systems were evaluated by instrumental color and consumer test based on the appearance and global acceptance attributes. The encapsulated pigment successfully dyed the cakes as well as was uniformly distributed into the products, showing good sensory acceptance. In the gels, a superior performance was obtained when using arabic gum, however all treatments applied for gels showed low global sensory acceptance. The presence of microencapsulated paprika oleoresin had no negative effect on taste, flavor or texture of analyzed systems.
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