O Parque Estadual Paulo César Vinha (PEPCV), em Setiba, município de Guarapari (ES), apesar de ser uma unidade de conservação em restinga com vários trabalhos desenvolvidos, apresenta lacunas quanto à composição florística de algumas comunidades vegetais. Durante o período de 1997 a 2000 foram realizadas coletas por meio de caminhadas em um trecho de floresta sobre os primeiros cordões no PEPCV, englobando cerca de quatro hectares, sendo incluídos espécimes de diferentes hábitos. Foram inventariadas 172 espécies pertencentes a 54 famílias, sendo Myrtaceae (25), Bromeliaceae (14), Orchidaceae (13), Sapotaceae (10), Lauraceae (7) e Rubiaceae (7) as de maior riqueza. O padrão de distribuição geográfica mais freqüente, segundo dados de literatura, foi o de espécies da costa Atlântica, seguido por aquelas com ampla distribuição e com ocorrência na costa atlântica e centro do Brasil, além das disjuntas e das endêmicas ao Estado do Espírito Santo. A similaridade florística entre a floresta estudada e outros trechos litorâneos demonstra que os índices estão relacionados com a distância geográfica entre as áreas. A presença de espécie endêmica ao Parque e outras ameaçadas de extinção reforça seu caráter conservacionista, devendo servir como incentivo para a criação de outras unidades de conservação nas restingas do Estado do Espírito Santo.

studied using 100 sampling plots (10 × 10 m) in four transects perpendicular to the coastline. A total of 2,106 trees (dbh ≥ 4.8 cm) were sampled and total basal area was 27.52 m 2 .ha-1 and species diversity (H') was 3.73 nats (67 dead standing trees were not included). Based on decreasing importance values (VI), the following families and species outstanded: Myrtaceae, Sapotaceae, Annonaceae, Bombacaceae, and Meliaceae; Pouteria coelomatica, Myrciaria floribunda, Oxandra nitida, Chrysophyllum lucentifolium and Aspidosperma parvifolium. Forest structure and species composition vary on the gradient from the ocean landward, forming three dissimilar species groups. Some species were found only in one of these groups and species dominance also differed zonally. It is proposed that the studied community is called "non-flooded forest formation" instead of the traditionally "Myrtaceae forest" or "dry forest", since family and species composition do not allow a more detailed classification. Key words-phytosociology, forest formation, restinga RESUMO-(Fitossociologia de uma floresta de restinga no Parque Estadual Paulo César Vinha, Setiba, município de Guarapari (ES)). A vegetação de um trecho da floresta de restinga no Parque Estadual Paulo César Vinha (PEPCV), Setiba, município de Guarapari (ES) foi amostrada através de 100 parcelas de 10 × 10 m cada, plotadas em quatro linhas perpendiculares ao mar. Foram inventariados 2.106 indivíduos (DAP ≥ 4,8 cm), fornecendo uma área basal de 27,52 m 2 .ha-1 e diversidade (H') de 3,73 nats, excetuando os 67 mortos em pé. Segundo valores decrescentes de importância (VI), destacaram-se as famílias Myrtaceae, Sapotaceae, Annonaceae, Bombacaceae e Meliaceae, e as espécies Pouteria coelomatica, Myrciaria floribunda, Oxandra nitida, Chrysophyllum lucentifolium e Aspidosperma parvifolium. A floresta apresenta variações estruturais e florísticas no gradiente mar-continente, com formação de três grupos dissimilares de espécies. Ocorrência exclusiva de espécies nos grupos e diferenças entre os principais táxons de cada grupo, evidenciam uma zonação. Propõe-se o termo geral "formação florestal não inundável" para esta comunidade, frente aos tradicionais "Mata de Myrtaceae" e "Mata Seca", uma vez que a composição de suas principais famílias e espécies não permite separá-las de acordo com os critérios de classificação destas comunidades. Palavras-chave-fitossociologia, formação florestal, restinga

RESUMO -(Florística da restinga de Camburi, Vitória, ES). Este trabalho consistiu no levantamento florístico e classificação da vegetação de restinga em Camburi, Vitória, ES. Foram realizadas coletas mensais na área de estudo, que totalizaram 211 espécies distribuídas em 70 famílias, sendo Fabaceae (19 espécies), Myrtaceae (14), Euphorbiaceae (10), Rubiaceae (10), Cyperaceae (9), Sapindaceae (7) e Lauraceae (7) as mais importantes quanto ao número de espécies. A região apresenta remanescentes das comunidades mata seca, aberta de Ericaceae e brejo herbáceo, além de áreas degradadas com espécies pioneiras. A maioria das espécies possui ampla distribuição pela costa brasileira, no entanto, outros padrões foram encontrados. Palavras-chave -florística, restinga, Espírito SantoABSTRACT -(The flora of Camburi restinga, Vitória, Espírito Santo State, Brazil). The flora of the Camburi restinga in the municipality ofVitoria, Espírito Santo State, Brazil, was surveyed and vegetation types were c1assified. Monthly visits to the area resulted in a Iist of 211 species from 70 plant families of which the most important, according to species richness, were Fabaceae (19), Myrtaceae (14), Euphorbiaceae (10), Rubiaceae (10), Cyperaceae (9), Sapindaceae (7) and Lauraceae (7). This coastal plain still supports remnant patches of dry restinga forest, open Ericaceae scrub and sedge marsh, as well as disturbed areas dominated by pioneer species. Most of the species are wide\y distributed along the Brazilian coast other pattems, however, being found. Ery/hmxylum /enue Plowman, Oco/ea nu/ans (Nees) Mez, Miconia brevipes Benth., Prescottia plan/aginea Lind\., Pseudolaelia vellozicola (Hoehne) Porto & Brade and Coccocypselum hirsu/um Bart\. ex DC. are reported for the first time in the restingas of Espírito Santo.

RESUMO -Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a comunidade epifítica de um fragmento de Floresta Atlântica da região centro serrana do estado do Espírito Santo, visando observar a distribuição dessa forma de vida sobre forófitos. O local de estudo é formado por uma encosta com floresta preservada que foi analisada no topo do morro (Área 1 -altitude de 890 m) e na meia encosta (Área 2 -720 m de altitude). Foi adotado o método de quadrantes centrados, selecionando 15 pontos em cada área num total de 120 forófitos com DAP 10 cm. Para a análise da distribuição das epífitas, os forófitos foram divididos nos estratos: fuste baixo, médio, alto, copa interna e externa. Para cada epífita foram atribuídas notas de frequência, que resultaram nos parâmetros fitossociológicos: valor de importância epifítico (VIe), dominâncias e frequências (absolutas e relativas). Foram registradas 29 espécies de epífitas e hemiepífitas, sendo Bromeliaceae (7 espécies) e Orchidaceae (6 espécies) as famílias mais representativas. Houve baixa similaridade entre as duas áreas (IS= 0,3) com apenas cinco espécies em comum. As espécies com maior valor epifítico foram duas hemiepífitas: Heteropsis rigidifolia na Área 1 (VIe= 29,1) e Polybotrya espiritosantensis na Área 2 (VIe= 15,3), sendo o primeiro registro do gênero Polybotrya como importante táxon na estrutura epifítica. A riqueza foi baixa quando comparada a outros estudos com epífitas, porém a presença de espécies ameaçadas de extinção e raras demonstra a importância do remanescente florestal estudado para a conservação de táxons da Mata Atlântica.Palavras-chaves: Fitossociologia; Epífitos; Floresta Ombrófila Densa. STRUCTURE OF VASCULAR EPIPHYTE COMPONENT IN A FRAGMENT OF THE ATLANTIC FOREST IN THE MOUNTAIN REGION OF ESPÍRITO SANTO ABSTRACT -The objective of this study was to evaluate the epiphytic community from a fragment of the Atlantic Forest in the montainous region of Espirito Santo state, aiming at observing the distribution of this form of life on phorophytes. The study site is made up by a preserved forest hillside which was analyzed at the top of the hill (Area 1 -altitude of 890 m) and on a slope (Area 2 -720 m altitude

Most plant species in the Atlantic Forest invest in zoochory as a dispersal mechanism and many depend on vertebrates to fulfill that role. The sizes of fruits and seeds are limiting factors in interactions between vertebrates and plant species. For example, plants that produce fruits with large seeds are more dependent on large frugivorous vertebrates for dispersal. We used camera traps to observe the interactions between frugivorous vertebrates and two large seed-producing plants of the genus Spondias in the Tableland of the Atlantic Forest of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Between 2015 and 2016 (622 camera days), we recorded 17 species of frugivorous vertebrates potentially ingesting fruit at the studied sites. Among the species recorded, only the lowland tapir (Tapirus terrestris) was observed interacting directly with S. venulosa and S. macrocarpa. Our analysis indicates that the type of interaction depends on the body size of the vertebrate species, meaning that direct interaction with fruits of Spondias is commonly performed by medium and large vertebrates, such as spotted pacas, agoutis, and tapirs. Our study highlights the importance of these vertebrates in the forest remnants of the Atlantic Forest Tableland, such as the Linhares-Sooretama forest complex, for conservation and regeneration of plant communities.

The Atlantic Forest is made up of different vegetation types over extensive latitude. Most of its remnants are in mountain ranges, which are responsible for the maintenance of most endemic and threatened species in this domain. Here we present the floristic composition of the Área de Proteção Ambiental Mestre Álvaro (APAMA), a coastal massif at Espírito Santo State with expressive altitudinal amplitude (100-800 a.s.l.) containing remnants never floristically studied. Knowing the composition of this protected area is important because it includes an altitudinal range not yet evaluated in floristic comparisons involving highland and lowland forests between the latitudes 18-21° S. We found 493 species (in 292 genera and 91 families): ten are regional endemic species, nine are new records of occurrence for the state, and 52 are under some degree of threat of extinction. Our results indicate the presence of flora elements' typical of both highland and lowland forests, which makes the APAMA essential in a scenario extremely fragmented. Finally, our data provide an unprecedented floristic list for regional forest restoration projects, as well as an invaluable source of data for biogeographic studies that seek to understand the effect caused by neighboring vegetation types on the composition of lowland forests.

BackgroundMicrovascular lung vessels obstructive thromboinflammatory syndrome has been proposed as a possible mechanism of respiratory failure in COVID-19 patients. However, it has only been observed in post-mortem studies and has never been documented in vivo, probably because of a lack of CT scan sensitivity in small pulmonary arteries. The aim of the present study was to assess the safety, tolerability, and diagnostic value of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for the assessment of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia for pulmonary microvascular thromboinflammatory syndrome.MethodsThe COVID-OCT trial was a multicenter, open-label, prospective, interventional clinical study. Two cohorts of patients were included in the study and underwent pulmonary OCT evaluation. Cohort A consisted of patients with COVID-19 with a negative CT scan for pulmonary thrombosis and elevated thromboinflammatory markers (D-dimer > 10,000 ng/mL or 5,000 < D-dimer < 10,000 ng/mL and one of: C-reactive Protein > 100 mg/dL, IL-6 > 6 pg/mL, or ferritin > 900 ng/L). Cohort B consisted of patients with COVID-19 and a CT scan positive for pulmonary thrombosis. The primary endpoints of the study were: (i) to evaluate the overall safety of OCT investigation in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, and (ii) to report on the potential value of OCT as a novel diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of microvascular pulmonary thrombosis in COVID-19 patients.ResultsA total of 13 patients were enrolled. The mean number of OCT runs performed in each patient was 6.1 ± 2.0, both in ground glass and healthy lung areas, achieving a good evaluation of the distal pulmonary arteries. Overall, OCT runs identified microvascular thrombosis in 8 patients (61.5%): 5 cases of red thrombus, 1 case of white thrombus, and 2 cases of mixed thrombus. In Cohort A, the minimal lumen area was 3.5 ± 4.6 mm2, with stenosis of 60.9 ± 35.9% of the area, and the mean length of thrombus-containing lesions was 5.4 ± 3.0 mm. In Cohort B, the percentage area obstruction was 92.6 ± 2.6, and the mean thrombus-containing lesion length was 14.1 ± 13.9 mm. No peri-procedural complications occurred in any of the 13 patients.ConclusionOCT appears to be a safe and accurate method of evaluating the distal pulmonary arteries in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Here, it enabled the first in vivo documentation of distal pulmonary arterial thrombosis in patients with elevated thromboinflammatory markers, even when their CT angiogram was negative for pulmonary thrombosis.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrial.gov, identifier NCT04410549.

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