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0,05), entretanto, a taxa de infecção foi maior em animais mais velhos, com 13,2% dos animais entre dois meses e três anos de idade, 23,5% entre três e seis anos, 17,6% entre seis e nove anos, 25% entre nove e doze anos, 20% entre doze e quinze anos e 50% entre quinze e dezoito anos de idade.]]>

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BackgroundThe study of the distribution and ecology of sandfly species is essential for epidemiological surveillance and estimation of the transmission risk of Leishmania spp. infection.FindingsIn the present study, sandflies were captured in native fragmented forest areas in Rubião Júnior district, Botucatu municipality, São Paulo state, Brazil, between September 2001 and January 2005. A minimum of two automatic light traps were installed per night from 6 pm to 8 am, in different months, resulting in approximately 900 collecting hours. During this period, 216 sandfly specimens of sixteen species were captured. Pintomyia monticola and Brumptomyia guimaraesi were the most abundant with 56 specimens (25.93%) captured per species, followed by Pintomyia fischeri 28 (12.96%) and Psathyromyia pascalei 18 (8.33%). Other captured species were Lutzomyia amarali, Sciopemyia sordellii, Psathyromyia aragaoi, Nyssomyia whitmani, Migonemyia migonei, Pintomyia bianchigalatiae, Pintomyia misionensis, Brumptomyia carvalheiroi, Brumptomyia cardosoi, Brumptomyia cunhai, Brumptomyia nitzulescui, Brumptomyia brumpti and Brumptomyia spp. represented by 58 (26.85%) specimens.ConclusionsAlthough less frequently found, the presence of Pintomyia fischeri, Nyssomyia whitmani and Migonemyia migonei, known vectors of Leishmania braziliensis, indicates risk of American cutaneous leishmaniasis occurrence. Moreover, the absence of Lutzomyia longipalpis-the main vector of Leishmania infantum chagasi, which is the agent of American visceral leishmaniasis-suggests that there is no risk of introduction and establishment of this disease in the studied area.

2 ResumoA Anemia Infecciosa Equina (AIE) é doença viral de caráter crônico, causada por um Lentivirus da família Retroviridae, transmitida principalmente pela picadura de artrópodes hematófagos. Por ser transmissível, incurável e de difícil controle é considerada importante entrave para a equideocultura brasileira. Como parte do programa de sanidade equídea do município de Monte Mor, um total de 64 animais foi avaliado para a presença de anticorpos para o vírus causador da AIE, por meio da prova de imunodifusão em gel de ágar. Um total de três animais foi reagente à sorologia resultando em soropositividade local de 4,7%. Tendo em vista o significante uso de equídeos como animais de trabalho e lazer em áreas urbanas, se faz necessária a implantação de medidas de posse responsável e controle de zoonoses que envolvam equídeos, visando o bem estar animal e a saúde da população humana. Palavras-chave: Anemia infecciosa equina, imunodifusão em gel de ágar, zoonoses, programa municipal, equídeos, região metropolitana de Campinas AbstractEquine Infectious Anemia (EIA) is a chronic viral disease, caused by a Lentivirus from Retroviridae family. It is primarily transmitted by arthropod vectors during bloodfeeding. It is an infectious, incurable and difficult to control disease, being considered an important obstacle to horse breeding in Brazil. As part of the municipal equine health program of Monte Mor county, a total of 64 animals were evaluated through serology for the presence of antibodies against EIA virus, using agar gel immunodiffusion test. Three animals were serologically reagent resulting in a local occurrence of 4.7%. Due to the significant use of horses as working and recreational animals in urban areas, it is mandatory that public authorities set up policies of responsible ownership and zoonoses control involving equine populations, aiming both animal welfare improvement and human health protection.

Twenty horses naturally infected with nematodes were included in a blind, controlled field study on efficacy and safety of an oral 2% ivermectin formulation at a dose of 0.2 mg.kg -1 . Horses were divided into treated and non-treated (control) groups with ten animals each based on preliminary counts of eggs per gram of feces (EPG). Stool samples were collected after treatment for identification of nematode species. Clinical evaluations and EPG counts were performed on days 0, +5, +14 and +19. Days -15, 0, +5, +14 and +19 were 1925Days -15, 0, +5, +14 and +19 were , 1340Days -15, 0, +5, +14 and +19 were , 0, 12.5, 0, 1470Days -15, 0, +5, +14 and +19 were , 790, 875, 1605Days -15, 0, +5, +14 and +19 were and 1240 respectively. The efficacy of treatment on Days +5, +14 and +19 was 100, 99.2 and 100% respectively, with a significant difference compared to the control group (p < 0.01). The product was considered to be safe with no findings of clinical significant changes during the study.Keywords: Anthelmintic, EPG, efficacy, dewormer, antiparasitic. ResumoVinte equinos naturalmente infectados com nematódeos foram utilizados em estudo cego, controlado, de eficácia e segurança clínica a campo de uma formulação oral de ivermectina a 2%, na dosagem de 0,2 mg.kg -1 . Foram distribuídos em grupos: tratado e sem tratamento, de dez animais cada, baseados na contagem prévia de ovos por grama de fezes (OPG). Amostras de fezes foram colhidas pós-tratamento para identificação da helmintofauna. Avaliações clínicas e OPG foram realizados nos dias 0, +5, +14 e +19. Identificou-se dezenove espécies de nematódeos: Coronocyclus ulambajari, Craterostomum acuticaudatum, Cyathostomum catinatum, Cyathostomum pateratum, Cylicocyclus brevicapsulatus, Cylicocyclus insigne, Cylicocyclus leptostomum, Cylicocyclus nassatus, Cylicocyclus ultrajectinus, Cylicocyclus spp., Cylicostephanus calicatus, Cylicostephanus longibursatus, Cylicostephanus poculatus, Habronema muscae, Habronema spp., Parascaris equorum, Poteriostomum imparidentatum, Oxyuris equi e Triodontophorus spp.. As contagens médias de OPG dos grupos tratado e controle nos dias -15, 0, +5, +14 e +19 foram respectivamente 1925, 1340, 0, 12,5, 0 e 1470, 790, 875, 1605 e 1240. A eficácia do produto nos dias +5, +14 e +19 foi respectivamente de 100, 99,2 e 100%, com diferença significativa em relação ao grupo controle (p < 0,01). O produto mostrou-se seguro, não sendo observadas alterações clínicas dignas de nota durante o experimento.Palavras-chave: Anti-helmíntico, OPG, eficácia, equino, vermífugo.

The aim of this study was to investigate rickettsial infection in equids, opossums and ticks in the municipality of Monte Mor, a place where a Brazilian spotted fever case occurred in 2005. In addition, characteristics possibly associated with seropositivity in horses were analyzed. Serum samples from horses, mules and opossums (Didelphis albiventris) were subjected to indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) against Rickettsia rickettsii. The ticks collected from the animals were identified and Amblyomma sculptum ticks from the equids were tested using PCR for Rickettsia spp. Anti-R. rickettsii antibodies were detected in 22.6% (14/62) of the horses, none of the mules and 21.7% (5/23) of the opossums. Among the variables analyzed, only age > 12 years showed a statistically significant association with seropositivity among horses. All of the 166 A. sculptum ticks tested using PCR were negative. The results showed that rickettsiae of the spotted fever group was circulating in the municipality of Monte Mor when the samples were collected and indicate a need for surveillance of Brazilian spotted fever in this region.