his research is based on the background of the problem that cost estimation is very beneficial for the owner, contractor and consultant. Errors in estimating costs are very often done, this is due to lack of experience and information obtained by an estimator. The purpose of this study is to obtain an equation that can help an estimator in estimating costs whose results approach the actual cost and can speed up the estimation process. The data that used in this research is from RAB’s 45 type house in Central Sulawesi. The method that will be used in this research is Pearson Correlation and Quadratic Regression. Pearson correlation is used to see the correlation between the independent and dependent variables while the Quadratic Regression is used to get the equation between the independent variable and the dependent variable. Regression modeling results obtained are y=-649,15X1+0,0022X1^2+182X3-0.0005X3^2+e, with R2 = 95%. The variables that significant in this research are raw material ( X1) and concrete brick ( X3)
As the national capital and one of the largest cities in the world, environmental conditions and land use in Jakarta have changed a lot in the last twenty years. Economic growth and high population growth in Jakarta have resulted in massive development of infrastructure and residential areas in Jakarta. Economic growth and an increase in population are become problems, especially with the decreasing of green areas due to the development process carried out without paying attention to the surrounding environment. Environmental problems such as water pollution, land subsidence, coastal erosion and flooding often occur in the Jakarta area, especially in the coastal areas of North Jakarta. The research from 1998 to 2018 show that from the observations area of mangrove land cover has increased by 79 hectares during that period. The same trend applied on area of built and open land that increased by 292 hectares and 887 hectares respectively. Meanwhile, the area of land for vegetation, water bodies, and fishpond has decreased from 1998 to 2018 by 393 hectares, 797 hectares and 309 hectares respectively. Development and reclamation have changed land use in the Northern area of Jakarta. However, it is also necessary to pay attention to the impact of development on environmental and social conditions in the North Jakarta area.
Plastic is a material that cannot naturally be decomposed. The increase in the amount of marine litter is influenced by currents, winds, tides and tsunamis at certain locations. The purpose of this study was to study marine litter on the Baiya beach, Palu Bay using a rapid beach survey from the pre and post tsunami time of Palu Bay on September 28 2018. The results of monitoring the amount of marine litter before the tsunami at Baiya Beach in 2017 contained 4 meso litter materials with 10 litter types. There were 6 materials of macro litter, found 24 litter types. After the Palu Bay Tsunami in 2018, monitoring in 2019 found 9 materials of meso and macro with 31 litter types. Monitoring in 2020 found 9 meso litter materials with 19 litter types. There were 9 materials of macro, found 29 litter types. The plastic increase in marine litter on Baiya beach during monitoring was dominated by PL24 (other plastics) and the tsunami incident increased the litter type of plastic.
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