This study aimed to evaluate the ingestive behavior of steers on Brachiaria brizantha pasture fed diets with increasing levels of concentrate supplementation. Thirty-two crossbred steers in the finishing phase with average weight of 420 ± 8 kg were distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments and eight replicates per treatment. Their behavior was assessed every 5 min for 24 h, in the middle of the experimental period. Variance and regression analyses at 0.05 % probability were adopted. The times spent grazing and ruminating reduced linearly (P <0.05), whereas the times spent at the trough (eating) and on other activities increased linearly (P <0.05) as the supplementation levels were elevated. The total feeding and chewing times decreased linearly (P <0.05) as the concentrate levels in the diet were elevated. By increasing the supplementation levels, the number of bites per day decreased linearly (P <0.05), and the feed efficiency of dry matter increased quadratically. Rumination efficiency of dry matter increased linearly (P <0.05) with increasing levels of concentrate supplementation. Grazing and rumination activities are reduced when the time devoted to other activities and at the trough are increased, as a result of the substitution effect.

RESUMO -Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da suplementação nas características de carcaça de cabritos F1 Boer × SRD terminados em pastagem nativa. Foram utilizados 24 caprinos F1 Boer × SRD, não-castrados, com 120 dias de idade e com peso vivo inicial de 15,52 kg. Os animais foram identificados, vermifugados e distribuídos de forma aleatória em quatro níveis de suplementação (0,0; 0,5; 1,0 e 1,5%), perfazendo seis repetições por tratamento. O manejo alimentar consistiu de pastejo com lotação contínua das 7h30 às 16 h, quando os animais foram recolhidos às baias para suplementação em gaiolas individuais equipadas com cochos e bebedouros. O trato gastrintestinal (TGI) foi pesado cheio e vazio, assim como a bexiga e a vesícula biliar, para obtenção do peso de corpo vazio (PCV). O rendimento dos órgãos e das vísceras apresentou tendência diferente à observada para peso absoluto, exceto para rendimento das patas, que apresentou comportamento linear decrescente. Os pesos e os rendimentos da carcaça quente e fria, bem como o peso do corpo vazio e o rendimento biológico, apresentaram resposta positiva aos níveis de suplementação. Na análise da participação dos cortes comerciais na carcaça, apenas o rendimento do Effect of supplemental feeding on carcass and non-carcass characteristics of F1 (Boer × SRD) goats finished on native pastureABSTRACT -The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation on the carcass characteristics of crossbred Boer goats finished on native pasture. Twenty-four Boer crossbreed goats were used, 120 days old and with an initial 15.52 kg BW. The supplemental feeding was randomly assigned to the animals according to a completely randomized design with 4 supplementation levels (0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5%) and six replications (goats). The animals had access to the pasture from 7:30 a.m. until 4 p.m. throughout the experimental period and were taken to stalls to receive supplemental feeding in individual cages equipped with hods and a water. Full and empty digestive tract (DT) were weighed, as well as the bladder and gall bladder to obtain the empty body weight (EBW). The visceras yield tended to be different from that observed for absolute weight, except for hoof yield that presented a decreasing linear behavior. The hot and cold carcass weights and the yields and the empty body weight and the biological yield presented positively response to the supplementation levels.Regarding the participation of wholesale cuts in the carcass, only the neck yield presented linear effect in response to the increase in supplementation levels. Full digestive tract and digestive content weights did not respond to the supplementation levels. The digestive content weight was decisive for the effect of supplemental feeding in the full digestive tract weight.Wholesale cuts weight responded positively to the supplementation levels.

-The present study aimed to assess the effect of levels of supplementation with concentrate on the tissue composition of commercial cuts of goats finished in native pasture. It was used 24 non-castrated cross-bred F1 (Boer × SPRD) goats at the age of 120 days, with initial average body weight (BW) of 15.52 kg distributed in four levels of supplementation with concentrated feed (0.0; 0.5; 1.0 and 1.5% of body weight in dry matter) and slaughtered at 25.12 kg; 26.62 kg; 28.56 kg and 29.19 kg, respectively, corresponding to 218 days of life. The carcass was sectioned in the half, and from the left half of the carcass, the following cuts were separated: leg, loin, ribs, shoulder and neck, which were dissected into muscle, bone and fat, with the results expressed in weight and yield of the tissues in relation to the weight of the cut. Supplementation incresead the muscle weight, as well as the fat weight and yield and decreased the muscle:fat relationship; however there was no influence on the proportion of muscle in the five studied cuts. Therefore, in order to obtain better finished commercial meat cuts, supplementation of 1.0 and 1.5% of body weight is recommended. Nevertheless, supplementation is unnecessary for obtaining lighter meat cuts with a good proportion of muscle.Key Words: fat weight, goats in grazing, muscle yield Efeito da suplementação na composição tecidual dos cortes comerciais de caprinos mestiços F1 (Boer × SPRD) terminados em pastagem nativaRESUMO -Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito dos níveis de suplementação com concentrado na composição tecidual dos cortes comerciais de caprinos terminados em pastagem nativa utilizaram-se 24 animais, não-castrados, mestiços F1(Boer × SPRD), com peso vivo (PV) médio inicial de 15,52 kg e 120 dias de idade, distribuídos em quatro níveis de suplementação com concentrado (0,0; 0,5; 1,0 e 1,5% do PV em matéria seca) e abatidos aos 25,12 g; 26,62; 28,56 e 29,19 kg, respectivamente, correspondentes a 218 dias de idade. A carcaça foi seccionada ao meio e da meia-carcaça esquerda, foram separados os cortes perna, lombo, costilhar, paleta e pescoço, os quais foram dissecados em músculo, osso e gordura e os resultados expressos em peso e em rendimento dos tecidos em relação ao peso do corte. A suplementação aumentou o peso de músculo e o peso e rendimento de gordura e reduziu a relação músculo:gordura, mas não influenciou a proporção de músculo dos cinco cortes. Assim, para obtenção de cortes comerciais de melhor acabamento, recomenda-se suplementação de 1,0 e 1,5% do PV, mas, se a finalidade for cortes mais leves e com boa proporção de músculo, a suplementação e desnecessária.Palavras-chave: cabritos em pastejo, peso de gordura, rendimento de músculo

The objective of this study was to estimate tissue composition of the carcass from physical composition of commercial cuts of F1 crossbred goats (Boer with females of non-defined racial standard) finished on native pasture with four levels of supplementation with concentrate (0.0; 0.5; 1.0 and 1.5% of BW in dry matter). It was used 24 non-castrated animals at initial body weight of 15.52 kg and at 120 days of age. The carcass was sectioned in the half, and from the lefthalf carcass, the following cuts were detached: leg, loin, ribs, shoulder and neck, which were dissected in muscle, bone and fat. Carcass weight and yield were predicted from the weight and yield of tissues in the commercial cuts by regression analysis. All the cuts can be used to predict muscle and fat weight in the carcass. For the muscle, the relationship was linear and positive in the cuts leg, ribs, shoulder and neck, and cubic in the loin; for all the cuts, fat kept a linear relationship with the carcass. Muscle and fat yield of all the commercial cuts showed a positive linear relationship with carcass yield, except for rib fat, for which a cubic relationship was found. Considering all the results obtained and using the relationship with the highest determination coefficient, the ribs were the cut that provided the best estimate of the carcass muscle and fat yields of F1 crossbred goats (Boer with females of non-defined racial standard) finished on native pasture.

ResumoObjetivou-se com esse estudo avaliar o fornecimento de suplemento proteico e suplemento mineral na fase de recria de novilhos mestiços ½ Holandês x Zebu mantidos em pastagem de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, no período das águas e suas implicações sobre o consumo, a digestibilidade dos nutrientes e o desempenho animal. Foram utilizados 22 novilhos com média de sete meses de idade e peso corporal médio inicial de 164,09±12,13 kg, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com dois tipos de suplemento e onze repetições por tipo de suplementação. Os consumos de matéria seca (MS) total e dos nutrientes apresentaram maiores médias para os animais que receberam suplemento proteico/ energético. A utilização do suplemento proteico/energético melhorou a digestibilidade dos nutrientes da dieta, com exceção para a digestibilidade da fibra em detergente neutro corrigido para cinzas e proteína (FDNcp). Os animais que receberam suplemento proteico/energético apresentaram melhor desempenho quando comparado aos que receberam a suplementação mineral. O uso de suplemento proteico/ energético no período das águas proporciona maior aporte de nutrientes, melhora a digestibilidade dos nutrientes e o desempenho de novilhos mestiços criados em pastagem de Brachiaria brizantha. Palavras-chave: Conversão alimentar, ganho de peso, mestiços, suplemento AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the supply of supplement of protein and supplement mineral in the rearing of crossbred steers Holstein x Zebu ½ maintained on Brachiaria brizantha. Marandu, in the rainy season and its implications on intake, nutrient digestibility and animal performance. Were used 22 steers averaging seven months of age and mean initial body weight of 164.09 ± 12.13 kg, distributed in a completely randomized design with two types of supplement and eleven repetitions per supplementation. The intake of dry matter (DM) total and of the nutrients had higher averages for

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