-The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic gain of two recurrent selection cycles in common bean
RESUMOCom o objetivo de avaliar o comportamento agronômico de cultivares alternativas de feijoeiro na região Norte de Minas Gerais, ajustando as melhores populações de plantas para o seu cultivo irrigado, foram conduzidos dois experimentos de campo na safra do inverno-primavera de 2007, nas estações experimentais da EPAMIG em Jaíba e Mocambinho. Empregou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados com três repetições, em esquema fatorial 4x5, envolvendo quatro cultivares (BRS Radiante, Ouro Vermelho, Bolinha e Novo Jalo) e cinco densidades populacionais (100, 200, 300, 400 e 500 mil plantas ha -1 ). Por ocasião da colheita, foram avaliados o estande final e o rendimento de grãos com seus componentes primários: número de vagens por planta, número de grãos por vagem e massa média de 100 grãos. O aumento da população de plantas reduz o número de vagens por planta e o número de grãos por vagem, mas não influencia o rendimento de grãos. As cultivares BRS Radiante, Novo Jalo, Bolinha e Ouro Vermelho têm bom desempenho na safra do inverno irrigado e representam novas alternativas para cultivo na região Norte de Minas Gerais. Termos para indexação:Phaseolus vulgaris, populações de plantas, feijoeiro-comum. ABSTRACTWith the objective of evaluating the agronomical behavior of alternative cultivars of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the northern region of Minas Gerais, fitting the best plant populations to their irrigated cultivation, two field experiments were conducted in the winter-spring crop of 2007 at the experimental stations of Minas Gerais Agricultural Research Institution in Jaíba and Mocambinho. The randomized block design with three replicates in a 4x5 factorial structure, involving four cultivars (BRS Radiante, Ouro Vermelho, Bolinha, and Novo Jalo) and five population densities (100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 thousand plants ha -1 ). The number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, and average weight of 100 grains were evaluated at harvest for the final stand and grain yield. Increased plant population reduces the number of pods per plant and the number of grains per plant, but does not influence the grain yield. Cultivars BRS Radiante, Novo Jalo, Bolinha, and Ouro Vermelho had good performance in the irrigated winter crop and represent new alternatives to cultivation in the northern region of Minas Gerais.
ResumoCom o objetivo de identificar o tipo de herança, o número de genes e os parâmetros genéticos e fenotípicos da resistência do acesso PI 595201 a um isolado de PRSV-W da região Norte do Brasil foi conduzido um experimento na área experimental do Departamento de Produção Vegetal da Universidade Federal do Tocantins, em condições de casa de vegetação. A partir do cruzamento entre a cultivar suscetível Crimson Sweet (P 1 ) e o acesso resistente PI 595201 (P 2 ) foi obtida a geração F 1 e as gerações segregantes, cujas plantas foram inoculadas e avaliadas quanto à resistência com base nos sintomas nas folhas. Foram avaliadas 48, 48, 80, 200, 100 e 100 plantas das gerações P 1 , P 2 , F 1 , F 2 , RC 11 e RC 12 , respectivamente, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições. A partir da análise de componentes de médias no controle da resistência determinaram-se dois genes, predominando os efeitos gênicos aditivos, seguido de efeitos de dominância incompleta no sentido de aumentar a resistência. As herdabilidades para a resistência, no sentido amplo e restrito, foram de 0,48 e 0,38, respectivamente.Palavras-chave: Citrulus lanatus var. lanatus, Potyvirus, resistência genética, componentes principais. Inheritance of the resistance of the watermelon accession PI 595201 to a PRSV-W isolate from the State of Tocantins AbstractAiming to identify the type of inheritance, the number of genes and genetic and phenotypic parameters of PI 595201 access resistance to an isolate of PRSV-W in the North of Brazil, was conducted an experiment in the experimental area of the Department of Plant Production of the Universidade Federal do Tocantins, in a greenhouse. From the cross between the susceptible cultivar 'Crimson Sweet' (P 1 ) and resistant access 'PI 595201' (P 2 ) was obtained F 1 and segregating generations, whose plants were inoculated and evaluated for resistance based on leaf symptoms. Was evaluated 48, 48, 80, 200, 100 and 100 plants of P 1 , P 2 , F 1 , F 2 , RC 11 and RC 12 generations, respectively, in a completely randomized design with four replications. From the analysis of medium components in the control of resistance were determined two genes, predominantly additive gene effects, followed by effects of incomplete dominance to increase the resistance. The heritability for resistance in broad and narrow sense were 0.48 and 0.38, respectively.
<p class="Default"><span class="hps"><span>O feijão-caupi, também conhecido como feijão-de-corda, é um dos componentes mais importantes da dieta alimentar de povos das regiões tropicais e subtropicais do mundo, sendo a principal fonte de proteína para os agricultores familiares das regiões norte e nordeste do Brasil. Com objetivo de avaliar o potencial de genótipos de feijão-caupi para produção de grãos verdes nas condições de Gurupi-TO, foi conduzido um experimento na estação experimental da Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Campus Universitário de Gurupi, no período de março a maio de 2013. Os tratamentos constituíram-se de vinte genótipos de feijão-caupi, sendo dezesseis linhagens e quatro cultivares. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições. A parcela experimental foi representada por quatro linhas de cinco metros de comprimento, com espaçamento de 0,5 m entre linhas, sendo as duas linhas centrais a área útil. Foram avaliados comprimento de vagem, peso de vagem, peso de grãos por vagem, número de grãos por vagem, peso de cem grãos, índice de grãos e produtividade de grãos verdes. As linhagens MNC02-684F-5-6, MNC02-682F-2-6, MNC03-736F-7 e MNC02-683F-1 e as cultivares BRS-ITAIM e BRS-CAUAMÉ destacam-se com indicativo de grande adaptabilidade na região de Gurupi sob regime irrigado.</span></span></p><p align="center"><strong><em>Evaluation of cowpea genotypes for green grain production in Gurupi, state T</em></strong><strong><em>ocantins</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract:</strong> The cowpea, also known as feijão-de-corda, is one of the most important components of the diet of peoples in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, being the main source of protein for the family farmers of the North and Northeast regions of Brazil. With the objective of evaluating the potential of cowpea genotypes for production of green grains under the Gurupi-To conditions, an experiment was conducted in the experimental station of the Universidade Federal do Tocantins [Federal University of Tocantins) Gurupi Campus, in the period of March to May of 2013. The treatments consisted of twenty cowpea genotypes, being sixteen lines and four cultivars. The experimental design in randomized blocks with four replications was utilized. The experimental plot was represented by four rows five meters long, with spacing of 0.5 m interrows, the two central rows being the useful area. Pod length, pod weight, grain weight per pod, number of grains per pod, weight of one hundred grains, grain index and green grain yield were evaluated. Lines MNC02-684F-5-6, MNC02-682F-2-6, MNC03-736F-7 and MNC02-683F-1 and cultivars BRS-ITAIM and BRS-CAUAMÉ stand out with an indicative of great adaptability in the region of Gurupi under irrigated regime.</p><p class="Default"><span class="hps"><span><br /></span></span></p>
Developing salt-tolerant plants has emerged as a highly efficient approach to cope with salinity damage on crop growth and productivity. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of salt acclimation in cowpea plants [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] and screen salt-tolerant potential genotypes during the early vegetative stage. Seven cowpea genotypes (Epace, Juruá, Maratauã, Milagroso, Pitiúba, Sempre verde, and TVU) were irrigated for 24 days with saline solutions of electrical conductivity 0.8 (control), 4.0 (moderate stress), and 8.0 dS m −1 (severe stress). Growth, water status, membrane damage, and variables related to photosynthetic machinery efficiency were evaluated. Biomass accumulation dramatically decreased with salinity, and the reductions were intensified by increasing the salt level. Nevertheless, under moderate salinity, Pitiúba plants showed less reductions in growth than other genotypes. Under moderate stress, Pitiúba plants exhibited maintenance of osmotic potential and photosynthetic pigments, which was consistent with unaltered membrane and elevated leaf succulence, resulting in improved photochemical performance. Conversely, although TVU, Juruá, and Milagroso plants had activated responses against moderate salinity, including reduced leaf osmotic potential and improved stomatal conductance, these responses were not sufficient to mitigate salt injury. The findings clearly show that the Pitiúba genotype activates coordinated responses to mitigate moderate salt damage, constituting an alternative for cultivating cowpea plants in saline environments.
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