This article presents research results regarding the determinants and individual predictors of professional distortions in the medical personnel, teachers, and psychologists who were involved in long-term programs of human relief assistance after a catastrophic accident at the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power station. The research aim was to analyze the factors influencing the increase in and the accumulation of occupational stress in the groups investigated. The stress studied was caused by strong emotional tension in 3 months of intensive work after the accident. The extraordinary situation served as a challenge, a kind of "strength test" for individual adaptation, which led to the manifestation of extreme adaptation options (destructive and constructive forms) and allowed us to clarify the factors that contributed to their development. The research showed that, in this situation, psychological (in particular, emotional) resources and individual coping characteristics played a determinative role in professional adaptation.Studies of personal adaptation to dynamic work conditions and job content form one of the most important domains in work and organizational psychology. Contemporary base-line research is targeted to reveal the factors that contribute to effective work, unimpaired health, and well-being. In this domain the studies of various professional disadaptations and the elaboration of psychological support programs are growing rapidly (
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