In the article, we realize the aim of the study. We identify the role of metaphor in the political media discourse as an important part of the mental political portrait. The paper deals with the analysis of Chancellor's metaphoric image structured by the expansion onto the source domain of professional activity, based on simple and compound models and their varieties. The complex methods of cognitive and pragmatic analysis of the mental political leader portrait are used. The article describes the pragmatic power of professional metaphoric models defined by the constant conceptual vectors of ruin and destruction and conceptual vector of protectionism. The ways of analysis are useful for development of communication theory, cognitive linguistics, socio-and psycholinguistics, linguapragmatics, cultural, media, and virtual linguistics. In the article, we establish that the political portrait of the German leader is formed by metaphorical expansions onto various areas of professional activity: law, pedagogics, theatre, circus, fine arts, building, transport (railway), medicine, service, law enforcement, music, hunting. On the material taken simple and composite (double-projected) metaphoric models have been identified. The complex metaphoric unity defines the genre peculiarities and the stylistics. The T. Yu. Tameryan et al.
This article presents linguistic and communicative transformations in socially significant areas of modern communication in Russia. The authors apply a historical-comparative method as well as diachronic description and interpretation to analyze the processes taking place under the influence of intra- and extra-linguistic factors in various Internet and media genres, such as advertising, business and professional communication. It was found that the fusion of the features of communication and publication, the combination of dialogue and polylogue determine the “clickbait” nature of blogs and make blogging the most influential genre of Internet communication. The growing influence of oral speech and corporate rules in the field of business communication underlies the trend toward agrammatism of phrases. Innovations in the field of advertising manifest themselves on the verbal level of the slogan and its implicit influence on the recipient.
Objectives Essential Tremor (ET) is one of the most common neurologic conditions, and conservative measures are frequently suboptimal. Recent data from a multi-institution, randomized controlled clinical trial demonstrated that Magnetic Resonance-guided Focused Ultrasound (MRgFUS) thalamotomy improves upper limb tremor in medically refractory ET. This study assesses the cost-effectiveness of this novel therapy in comparison to existing procedural options. Methods PubMed and Cochrane Library searches were performed for studies of MRgFUS, Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS), and Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS) for ET. Pre-and post-operative tremor-related disability scores were collected from 32 studies involving 83 MRgFUS, 615 DBS, and 260 SRS cases. Utility (defined as percent change in functional disability) was calculated, and Medicare reimbursements were collected as a proxy for societal cost -costs of MRgFUS for ET were derived from a combination of available costs of approved indications and SRS costs where appropriate. A decision and cost-effectiveness analysis was then constructed, implementing meta-analytic techniques. Results MRgFUS thalamotomy resulted in significantly higher utility scores compared with DBS and SRS based on estimates of Medicare reimbursement (p < 0.001). MRgFUS was also the most inexpensive procedure out of the three (p < 0.001). Conclusions Preliminary experience with MRgFUS for ET suggests that this novel therapeutic may be more effective than available alternatives and potentially less costly for society. It thus will likely "dominate" DBS and SRS as a more cost-effective option for medically refractory ET. Our findings support further investigation of MRgFUS for ET and broad adoption. Objectives The ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM) is not visible on conventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).A novel method for tractography-based VIM identification has recently been described. We report the short-term clinical results of prospective VIM targeting with tractography in a cohort of patients undergoing Focused Ultrasound thalamotomy. Methods All patients underwent structural and diffusion weighted imaging (60 diffusion directions, 2 mm isovoxel) with 3 Tesla MRI scanner (Philips Ingenia CX). The images were processed using streamline tractography (Stealth Viz, Medtronic Inc.). The lateral and posterior borders of VIM were defined by tracking the pyramidal tract and medial lemniscus respectively. A VIM region of interest (ROI) was placed 3 mm away from these borders (Figs. 1, 2 and 3). The structural connectivity of this VIM ROI was confirmed to the motor cortex (M1) and cerebellum. The coordinates of tractography-based VIM in relation to posterior commissure were noted for surgical targeting. The parameters analyzed include a clinical tremor scale (pre-, intraoperative, and post operative), operative time, and number of sonications. Results Tractography-based VIM targeting was successful in 7 out of 8 patients. The coordinates of tractography-based VIM were significantly different from...
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