Objective: to evaluate the knowledge and practice of women assisted in Basic Health Units in relation to the Pap smear. Method: this is a quantitative, descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. 320 women living in the area covered by three Basic Health Units in the city of Caxias-MA were interviewed. Results: although almost all of the women interviewed heard about the Pap smear exam 311 (97.2%), more than half of them had inadequate knowledge 233 (72.8%). It was also noticed that despite the fact that more than half were classified as having inadequate knowledge, most women had an adequate practice 187 (58.44%). Conclusion: thus, this study showed that there was no association between the level of knowledge and the practice of women. Therefore, there is a precarious knowledge of the majority of women about the cervical cancer preventive exam, resulting in an erroneous attribution about its purposes.
O aleitamento materno exclusivo é o melhor alimento para o recém-nascido no período neonatal; e, quando estendido para 6 meses, está associado a estado nutricional adequado, redução de infecções e menor mortalidade. Apesar da superioridade nutricional e imunológica do leite materno, há altas taxas de desmame precoce devido a diversos fatores como dificuldades relacionadas à amamentação e falta de conhecimento da mãe sobre os benefícios do leite materno, entre outros. Nesse contexto, este estudo objetivou avaliar as evidências científicas acerca dos fatores associados ao desmame precoce. Tratou-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura de artigos publicados no período de 2016 a 2021 disponíveis nas bases de dados BVS, PubMed e SciELO. Foram incluídos 12 estudos, dos quais, 25% foram realizados no Brasil. A prevalência de desmame precoce variou de 7% a 85,7%, com menores prevalências observadas no Brasil. Os principais fatores associados ao desmame precoce foram idade e baixo nível educacional da mãe, parto cesáreo, uso da chupeta, retorno ao trabalho e percepção materna de baixa quantidade de leite, evidenciando que tanto os fatores sociodemográficos e obstétricos quanto os fatores inerentes aos conhecimentos da mãe influenciam diretamente na duração do aleitamento materno exclusivo. No entanto, é necessário investigar variáveis comportamentais e doenças psiquiátricas graves para compreender os reais determinantes do desmame precoce, possibilitando aos profissionais de saúde desenvolverem ações focando principalmente na educação em saúde.
Objetivo: avaliar o acesso ao tratamento em pessoas com Tuberculose na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Métodos: trata-se de uma pesquisa transversal, descritivo e observacional, com abordagem quantitativa, realizada na cidade de Caxias-Maranhão. Obteve-se uma amostra de 133 participantes, porém foram entrevistados 100 pacientes. Resultados: as maiores prevalências ocorreram em homens 55 (55%), com ensino fundamental incompleto 57 (57%). Percebeu-se também, que o acesso ao tratamento é centralizado e os indicadores geográficos foram considerados satisfatórios, como, realização do tratamento na unidade mais próxima 100 (100%), consulta médica em 24 horas 91 (91%), medicamentos 99 (99%), tempo menor de 60 minutos para se consultar 87 (87%). Conclusão: desta forma, este estudo demonstrou associação significativa em relação ao tratamento de tuberculose diante das variáveis de estudo. Portanto, garantir o acesso não é suficiente para o êxito do tratamento, refletindo a necessidade de novas estratégias que visem a promoção da saúde da população.
This research aimed to describe the management of cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study is an exploratory research of the literature review type. The searches were carried out between February and April 2020, using the databases Science Direct, Lilacs and MEDLINE, with the time frame from 2014 to 2020. There was a careful selection with respect to the works used for the development of this review. The descriptors used, in an associated and isolated way, were: Oncology, coronavirus, care, prevention and COVID-19, in English, Spanish and Portuguese and indexed in DeCS. The exclusion criteria were: scientific papers with only available abstracts, duplicate publications, other methodologies, such as reflective articles, editorials, comments, letters to the editor, incomplete articles, and those that did not fit within the proposal offered for the theme and / or were outside the time frame. Theses and dissertations were used. Within the searches, 520 articles were found; however, after excluding duplicate and incomplete findings, it was restricted to 62 works, these were read individually by the researchers. At the end of the analyzes, 11 articles were used in the review. It is concluded that patients with tumors have a higher risk of COVID-19 than non-tumor patients. The remaining symptoms are similar to non-tumor patients: myalgia and fatigue. However, image manifestations are more serious and more serious complications are more likely. The older you are, the greater the risk of serious clinical events and the worse the prognosis.
Introduction: The burden of care in family refers to the weight caused by the primary caregiver role to psychiatric patients and the difficulties encountered in performing this function in daily life.Objectives: Assessing the objective and subjective overload of family members who live with the reality of psychiatric disorder in a child day-care psychosocial care center. Methods:Cross-sectional study, descriptive-exploratory, of quantitative approach, with non-probabilistic samples of accidental type with 80 families of psychiatric patients held in a Psychosocial Care Center. For overload evaluation, the subscales "B" and "D" of the Family Overload Rating Scale (FBIS-BR) were used. Results:The study was conducted with 80 families of psychiatric patients. The average age of female caregivers was 39.6 years old, and IntroductionUntil the mid-twentieth century, psychiatry offered the people suffering from mental disorders inhuman and inefficient care, which caused more damage than healing to mental health. Admissions were held for long periods with treatment similar to torture methods. In this context, the psychiatric patients could spend the rest of their lives in treatment in mental institutions [1].The mental health care in these asylums was focused on practice and medical knowledge, whose assistance was restricted to admission and medication to combat the symptoms evidenced by psychiatric patients, excluding them of the bond, interactions and all that configured it as part and product of their knowledge [2].The reality of asylums lasted until the process of deinstitutionalization of mental health, which took place in Brazil through the Psychiatric Reform which was characterized as a historical movement of political, social and economic character, which involved since breaking the practiced model to the nursing care excluding the model based on admission of psychiatric patients in mental hospitals [3].In the current model of mental health assistance, the family is entered as partner in the psychosocial rehabilitation process of person with psychiatric disorder, and can contribute to the effectiveness and efficaciousness of substitute services as also responsible for the treatment [4].The process of change in the manner of treating the psychiatric patient, keeping the person with disorder within the family, is accompanied by the emergence of family burden factors, as we note that the family would not be prepared to accept mental disorders affected people [5]. Overloading of the family is defined as the feeling of weight caused by the constant provision of care to psychiatric patients and the difficulties encountered in the role of caregiver's performance in everyday [6].Family members of mentally ill need care or assistance in relation to their own health and that of their hospitalized family member. This fact causes concern to the extent that the health system in 40.7 years old for male caregivers, with female predominance (87.5%) compared to men (12.5%), with low education for both genres. Family careg...
Abstract— o objetivo do trabalho é analisar a capacidade funcional dos idosos para realização das atividades básicas e instrumentais da vida diária, correlacionando a presença de sintomas depressivos e a incapacidade funcional do idoso na atenção primária à saúde no município de Caxias-MA. O estudo é transversal com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 188 idosos das proximidades de uma UBS. Os resultados evidenciaram que os idosos possuem maiores dependências para as AIVDs do que para as ABVDs, as variáveis associadas às ABVDs foram: idade , estado civil , deficiente e fator domiciliado . Já as variáveis associadas às AIVDs foram: idade , renda , escolaridade , filhos , estado civil , deficiente e domiciliado . Perante o exposto, compreende-se que não houve associação dos sintomas depressivos com o prejuízo funcional dos idosos. Diante disso, realizar a avaliação da CF em idosos funciona como um indicador do processo saúde-doença, essencial para o planejamento das intervenções e monitoramento do estado clínico-funcional dessa população, preservando-os por maior tempo na comunidade.
Todos os autores desta obra declaram que trabalharam ativamente na produção dos seus trabalhos, desde o planejamento, organização, criação de plano de pesquisa, revisão de literatura, caracterização metodológica, até mesmo na construção dos dados, interpretações, análises, reflexões e conclusões. Assim como, atestam que seus artigos não possuem plágio acadêmico, nem tampouco dados e resultados fraudulentos. Os autores também declaram que não possuem interesse comercial com a publicação do artigo, objetivando apenas a divulgação científica por meio de coletâneas em temáticas específicas.
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