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Background: Many primary endocrine disorders have notable effects on cognition. Patients with a wide range of thyroid gland abnormalities often present with combined emotional and cognitive symptoms. Aims and Objectives: To evaluate the cognitive dysfunctions in patients suffering with thyroid disorders. To compare the cognitive dysfunctions in patients with thyroid disorders such as hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and subclinical thyroid states. Materials and Methods: A Purposive sampling was undertaken from the outpatient

Background: Facial emotional recognition plays a pivotal role in human interactions and behavior. Long-term alcohol use leads to brain dysfunction that causes impairment in social cognitive abilities including facial emotional recognition. Objectives: Our study was aimed to assess the facial emotional recognition pattern in patients with alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS) and compared with that of matching controls and to study the sociodemographic and clinical correlates of facial emotional recognition in ADS. Setting and Design: This cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital for a period of 1½ years. Fifty participants having ADS and fifty controls were included in the study. Materials and Methods: Fifty participants having ADS and fifty controls were included in the study. In the group with ADS, a semi-structured pro forma was used to collect the sociodemographic and clinical profile. Rating scales such as Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire, the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol scale-revised, and facial emotion recognition test (FERT) were administered. For the control group, FERT was administered after collecting the data regarding sociodemographic profile and clinical variables. Results: It was observed a significant impairment in FERT scores in individuals having ADS (mean score = 19.93 ± 7.67) when compared to the control population (mean score = 32.73 ± 4.96T-test = −10.86; P < 0.001). Lower scores on FERT were observed in persons with severe alcohol dependence (one-way ANOVA = 41.79, P < 0.001). Post hoc Tukey testing showed the difference between groups having moderate-to-severe dependence (P < 0.001) and mild-to-severe dependence (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Significant impairment in facial emotional recognition skills were observed in patients having ADS. The subjects in ADS group were able to identify happy and angry emotions better while facing difficulties in identifying sad and fear full stimulus.

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