in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com).Increased reductions of statutory sulfur content on fossil fuels as gasoline or diesel have led to intense research into all possible methods of desulfurization. With the aim to study [C 8 mim][BF 4 ] ionic liquid as extraction solvent for desulfurization, the phase equilibria of different ternary systems involving hydrocarbons present in gasoline formulations, thiophene, and [C 8 mim][BF 4 ], were obtained experimentally. Potential interest of this ionic liquid for desulfurization was confirmed by the phase equilibria determined. As design of a multistage separation process requires knowledge of phase equilibria, simultaneous correlation of liquid-liquid equilibrium data was done using the nonrandom two liquid (NRTL) activity coefficient model. A gasoline formulation was simulated as a mixture of n-hexane, cyclohexane, iso-octane, and toluene with thiophene and dibezothiophene as sulfur-components, and its desulfurization was performed by multistage extraction using the ionic liquid in three successive stages.
The ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis{(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl}amide ([C 2 mim][NTf 2 ]) was tested as solvent for the separation of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons containing 7 or 8 carbon atoms (the C 7 -and C 8 -fractions). The liquid-liquid equilibria (LLE) of the ternary systems (heptane), at 25 • C, were experimentally determined. The performance of the ionic liquid as the solvent in such systems was evaluated by means of the calculation of the solute distribution ratio and the selectivity. The results were compared to those previously reported for the extraction of benzene from its mixtures with hexane by using the same ionic liquid, therefore analysing the influence of the size of the hydrocarbons. It was found that the ionic liquid is also good for the extraction of C 7 -and C 8 -fraction aromatic compounds, just a greater amount of ionic liquid being needed to perform an equivalently efficient separation than for the C 6 -fraction. It is also discussed how [C 2 mim][NTf 2 ] performs comparably better than the conventional solvent sulfolane. The original 'Non-Random Two-Liquid' (NRTL) equation was used to adequately correlate the experimental LLE data.
Densities, viscosities, refractive indices, and speeds of sound at the temperature of 298.15 K and atmospheric
pressure are reported for the binary and the miscible ternary mixtures of 2-ethoxy-2-methylpropane, ethanol, and
1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate ionic liquid. Excess molar volumes and viscosity, molar refraction,
and isentropic compressibility changes of mixing have been calculated from the physical properties. The changes
of mixing have been adequately fitted to the Redlich−Kister polynomial.
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