immunosuppression, especially in combination with older age, may be a risk factor for attachment loss, and HIV seropositivity, independent of T4 cell counts, may be a risk factor for gingival inflammation.
Barr CE, Lopez MR, Rua-Dobles A. Miller LK, Mathur-Wagh U, Turgeon LR: HIV-associated oral lesions: immunologic, virologic and salivary parameters. J Oral Pathol Med 1992; 21: 295-8.There are nutnerous reports of oral lesions in HIV-infected individuals. However, few correlate the oral lesious with laboratory parameters. This study examined oral candidiasis and hairy leukoplakia, the two most cotntnon HIV-associated oral lesions, in relation to T-ccll counts, p24 core antigen levels and salivary fiow rates. Oral muco.sal exatninations. immunologic and virologic studies and stimulated whole and parotid saliva flow rates were conducted on 135 (HIV-f = 102, HIV-=33) homosexual or bisexual men. Results indicate that, among HIVinfected subjects, the odds of having oral caudidiasis is 6 times (95% Cl = 0.6-56.6) greater for subjects with T4 counts between 200-399 per mm', and 23 times (95% CI = 2.8-193.0) greater for subjects with T4 counts less than 200/ mrn' compared to subjects with T4 counts of 400/tntTt' or greater. Subjects had an equal likelihood of having hairy leukoplakia at different levels of itnimunocompetencc. The prevalence of oral candidiasis and hairy leukoplakia was higher among subjects with itifcctious virus in their serum, but was only statistically significant for hairy leukoplakia (p = 0.0\).
This case-controlled study compared the types of routine dental services provided to an HIV-infected group with those provided to an HIV-negative cohort. No statistical differences in requesting dental treatment (routine or emergency) or in the types of dental treatment provided to the two groups were reported, except in the provision of prosthetic dentistry and the development of a comprehensive treatment plan.
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