Tem desenvolvido investigação focada nos processos relacionais em psicoterapia.
A current issue in psycholinguistic research is whether the language difficulties exhibited by children with developmental language disorder [DLD, previously labeled specific language impairment (SLI)] are due to deficits in their abilities to pick up patterns in the sensory environment, an ability known as statistical learning (SL), and the extent to which explicit learning mechanisms can be used to compensate for those deficits. Studies designed to test the compensatory role of explicit learning mechanisms in children with DLD are, however, scarce, and the few conducted so far have led to inconsistent results. This work aimed to provide new insights into the role that explicit learning mechanisms might play on implicit learning deficits in children with DLD by resorting to a new approach. This approach involved not only the collection of event-related potentials (ERPs), while preschool children with DLD [relative to typical language developmental (TLD) controls] were exposed to a continuous auditory stream made of the repetition of three-syllable nonsense words but, importantly, the collection of ERPs when the same children performed analogous versions of the same auditory SL task first under incidental (implicit) and afterward under intentional (explicit) conditions. In each of these tasks, the level of predictability of the three-syllable nonsense words embedded in the speech streams was also manipulated (high vs. low) to mimic natural languages closely. At the end of both tasks’ exposure phase, children performed a two-alternative forced-choice (2-AFC) task from which behavioral evidence of SL was obtained. Results from the 2-AFC tasks failed to show reliable signs of SL in both groups of children. The ERPs data showed, however, significant modulations in the N100 and N400 components, taken as neural signatures of word segmentation in the brain, even though a detailed analysis of the neural responses revealed that only children from the TLD group seem to have taken advantage of the previous knowledge to enhance SL functioning. These results suggest that children with DLD showed deficits both in implicit and explicit learning mechanisms, casting doubts on the efficiency of the interventions relying on explicit instructions to help children with DLD to overcome their language difficulties.
Background Positive touch experiences have proved to be extremely important throughout our lifespan, with cascading effects on our social life. However, few questionnaires are available to measure attitudes and experiences of touch in the Portuguese population. This study aimed to translate and validate the European Portuguese version of the Touch Experiences and Attitudes Questionnaire (TEAQ), as a reliable and valid instrument to measure different aspects of affective touch experiences and attitudes. Methods Therefore, an online sample of 384 (299 females and 85 males) participants, aged between 18 and 75 years (M = 24.59; SD = 9.56) was collected. Multidimensional Rasch model and confirmatory factor analysis were carried out, and also reliability and convergent and discriminant validity were determined. In addition, we examined sex differences in attitudes and experiences of touch. Results Results showed good fit indexes for the 52-item six-factor model structure (friends and family touch, current intimate touch, childhood touch, attitudes to self-care, attitudes to intimate touch, and attitudes to unfamiliar touch). This instrument also showed good reliability and acceptable convergent and discriminant validity. Significant sex differences were found, with female participants reporting more positive touch experiences (including childhood touch, friends and family touch, and current intimate touch) and a more favourable attitude to self-care, with males showing a more positive attitude towards unfamiliar touch. Regarding attitudes towards the intimate touch, scores for both groups were comparable. Conclusion Overall, the European Portuguese version of the TEAQ presented good psychometric properties and appears to be a reliable and valid self-report measure, being a useful and beneficial instrument in research and clinical settings.
A principal razão indicada para as fusões e aquisições (F&A) que se tem verificado nos últimos vinte anos, é a criação de valor para os acionistas e para a entidade. Vários autores escreveram sobre este tema e se todos concluem que as F&A devem criar valor, na prática tal poderá não se verificar. Por esta razão, achou-se pertinente realizar este estudo, sendo o principal objetivo verificar se as F&A criam realmente valor ou não, para os investidores e organizações envolvidas. A amostra recolhida tem por base algumas F&A registadas no setor Bancário Português. Num primeiro ponto, identificou-se algumas das variáveis estratégicas utilizadas pelos bancos envolvidos na transação. Em seguida, averiguou‑se se existiu uma criação de valor ou não nos bancos envolvidos no processo de F&A. Depois de se elaborar o estudo, concluiu‑se que a maioria das fusões abordadas neste estudo criaram valor e que não existe nenhuma relação entre a similaridade estratégica e a criação de valor. Tendo em conta os resultados obtidos, foram mencionadas, ainda, algumas sugestões para a realização de trabalhos futuros.
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a relação entre as recompensas intrínsecas e extrínsecas e a satisfação laboral, sendo que a satisfação laboral tem vindo a ser apontada como assumindo um papel significativo no bem-estar do trabalhador e consequentemente no seu bom desempenho na organização. Junto de uma amostra constituída por 124 sujeitos trabalhadores há mais de um ano na mesma organização, foi feita a administração de um inquérito sob a forma de questionário, construído para o efeito. Os resultados demonstram que as recompensas que mais contribuem para a satisfação laboral são as recompensas extrínsecas. A relevância dos resultados para o estudo e intervenção na satisfação laboral será discutida.
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