Essa pesquisa objetivou identificar as cinco maiores prevalências dentre as atividades da vida diária que levaram às incapacidades funcionais entre idosos residentes na zona urbana de um município no interior de Minas Gerais e comparar essas atividades entre os sexos e por faixa etária. Participaram 2.924 idosos, entrevistados no domicílio, selecionados através da técnica de amostragem estratificada proporcional com seleção sistemática, considerando os bairros como estratos. Os dados foram digitados, em dupla entrada, no EpiInfo 3.2. Considerou-se análise descritiva seguida de testes chi2 e exato de Fisher (p<0,05). As maiores prevalências foram: cortar unhas dos pés (18,93%); fazer compras diversas (9,4%), subir e descer escadas (4,77%); medicar-se na hora (4,12%) e andar perto de casa (3,82%). Há maior proporção de mulheres com incapacidade funcional quando comparada aos homens. Ao verificar as faixas etárias, no sexo masculino e feminino há maior proporção de incapacidades entre os idosos com 80 anos e mais.

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The authors' disquietudes are related to the structure for supporting women to breastfeed within their family environment. It is a qualitative study aiming at understanding the significance of breastfeeding among mothers and primiparous daughters, as well as identifying how the mother perceive herself as a means of support for her primiparous daughter and vice versa. The historic social construction of women for maternity has been used as a theoretical referential. The sample was made up of 10 women--five primiparous daughters and their mothers. The participation of the mother in her daughter's maternity was "to be along with her", sharing knowledge and life experiences.

Zhao (2021) Guidelines for the design and conduct of human clinical trials on ingestion-time differences -chronopharmacology and chronotherapy -of hypertension medications,

RESUMO O número de casos de mulheres grávidas HIV-positivas no Brasil foi de 54.218 entre 2000-2010. A gravidez no contexto do HIV/AIDS é permeada por dilemas. Assim, este estudo investigou o tema sob a ótica de mulheres com HIV/AIDS com o objetivo de compreender os significados atribuídos à maternidade por mulheres após o conhecimento do HIV/AIDS. Este estudo é de abordagem qualitativa, seguindo os pressupostos da Pesquisa Social, e foi desenvolvido numa instituição não governamental de Goiânia-GO, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. Participaram dez mulheres com HIV/AIDS que engravidaram após a descoberta da doença. Para análise utilizamos o Método de Interpretação de Sentidos, obtendo as seguintes categorias: Sentidos de viver; Reconstrução do universo feminino; e Cuidar-se para viver. De modo geral, a maternidade possibilitou ressignificar suas vidas no sentido de promover mudanças de visão de mundo e de comportamento com o intuito de serem exemplos para suas crianças. Dessa maneira, constatamos que o significado da maternidade para a mulher com HIV/AIDS é circundado por sentimentos de autonomia e a criança é sinônimo de esperança para a reconstrução de sua trajetória.

OBJECTIVE To describe the stages of the empowerment process of a group of seniors in a rural community. METHOD Convergent care research whose foundation is to use the scope of practice. Conducted with the proposal to change the practice of 21 seniors and nine health professionals, with the aim of health promotion empowerment. Data were collected during 22 meetings, and group interviews at the end of the intervention. RESULTS Showed that despite the initial impact of the change, the group was able to welcome the new change, taking advantage of the space to express anxieties, share joys, and build new knowledge, which led to the incorporation of changes that reflected in the development of healthy habits and improvements in interpersonal relationships. CONCLUSION The convergent care research consisted of strategy that changed the group's lives, empowering them with health promoting actions.

The requirement of NMDA receptor (NMDAR) activity for memory formation is well described. However, the plasticity mechanisms for memory can be modified by experience, such that a future similar learning becomes independent of NMDARs. This effect has often been reported in learning events conducted with a few days interval. In this work, we asked whether the NMDAR-independency is permanent or the brain regions and plasticity mechanisms of experience-dependent learning may change over time. Considering that contextual memories undergo a gradual reorganization over time, becoming progressively independent from the hippocampus and dependent upon cortical regions, we investigated the brain regions mediating a new related learning conducted at a remote time-point, when the first memory was already cortically established. First, we demonstrated that anterior cingulate cortex was not able to support a learning subsequent to a previous systems-level consolidated memory; it did require at least one functional subregion of the hippocampus (ventral or dorsal). Moreover, after replicating findings showing that a few days interval between trainings induces a NMDAR-independent learning, we managed to show that a learning following a longer interval once again becomes dependent on NMDARs in the hippocampus. These findings suggest that while the previous memory grows independent from the hippocampus over time, an experience-dependent learning following a systems-consolidated memory once again engages the hippocampus and a NMDAR-dependent plasticity mechanism.

Extinction is a process that involves new learning that inhibits the expression of previously acquired memories. Although temporarily effective, extinction does not erase an original fear association. Since the extinction trace tends to fade over time, the original memory can resurge. On the other hand, strengthening effects have been described in several reconsolidation studies using different behavioral and pharmacological manipulations. In order to know whether an extinction memory can be strengthened by reactivation-based interventions in the contextual fear conditioning task, we began by replicating the classic phenomenon of spontaneous recovery to show that brief reexposure sessions can prevent the decay of the extinction trace over time in a long-lasting way. This fear attenuation was shown to depend both on L-type calcium channels and protein synthesis, which suggests a reconsolidation process behind the reactivation-induced strengthening effect. The extinction trace was also susceptible to enhancement by a post-reactivation infusion of a memory-enhancing drug (NaB), which was also able to prevent rapid fear reacquisition (savings). These findings point to new reactivation-based approaches able to strengthen an extinction memory to promote its persistence. The constructive interactions between extinction and reconsolidation may represent a promising novel approach in the realm of fear-related disorder treatments.