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Resumo: O processo de criação da Área de Livre Comércio das Américas entrou e m sua fase final de negociação. O s Estados Unidos tentam impor o modelo no qual o país seria o eixo dos acordos bilaterais, o que poderia acabar por levá-lo a ser o único juiz do processo de integração do continente americano. Cabe às duas potências regionais da América Latina, Brasil, representando o Mercosul, e México, unirem-se com o intuito de barrar a tentativa dos E U A de conduzir o processo de forma unilateral, contribuindo para o equilíbrio das relações nas Américas. Porém, para obter sucesso nessa empreitada, faz-se necessário uma integração México-Mercosul não num modelo "5+1" devido à peculiaridade das relações que o México tem com os Estados Unidos, mas numa relação que poderia ser expressa da seguinte forma: "(4+l)+l"

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Over the last decade, the cartel enforcement landscape has significantly changed in Brazil: in 2000, new investigative tools were granted by Congress (dawn raids and leniency agreements), and since 2003 the Brazilian antitrust authorities have promoted a hierarchy of antitrust enforcement that placed hard-core cartel prosecution as the top priority. Brazil now has an increasing number of cartel investigations, including alleged international cartels, record fines for cartel offences, individuals being held criminally accountable, and increasing cooperation among criminal and administrative enforcers, with the change in perception by criminal prosecutors and judges as to the seriousness of cartels. This article focuses on the Brazilian experience regarding the implementation of its Leniency Program. Over 40 leniency agreements have been executed since 2003, most of them related to alleged international cartels. The effectiveness of the program is built mainly on three pillars: fear of detection (with increasing number of dawn raids and wiretaps, as a result of the cooperation with criminal authorities), threat of severe sanctions (with record fines and jail sentences), and efforts to promote transparency. I. Anti-cartel enforcement At the administrative level, antitrust law and practice in Brazil is governed by the recently enacted Law No. 12,529/11, which entered into force on 29 May 2012 and replaced Law No. 8,884/94. 1 Prosecution of cartels is a top priority in Brazil since 2003. Approximately 40 leniency agreements were signed since then, the majority with alleged members to international cartels, and more than 400 search warrants have been served over the last years. The authorities' interaction and cooperation with public prosecutors responsible for criminal anti-cartel enforcement 2 also gave CADE the ability to tap into the different investigation tools and resources available through the police and prosecutors-for instance, the use of wiretaps. As a result of the use of more aggressive investigative tools, CADE has been imposing record fines on both companies and individuals found liable for hard-core cartel conduct. The record fine imposed by CADE in connection with a cartel case was roughly US$1.3 billion,

Resumo: A matéria aborda o exercício da jurisdição extraterritorial, necessário, uma vez que um mesmo ato pode afetar significativamente mais de uma jurisdição. Palavras-chave: Exercício da jurisdição extraterritorial. Antitruste. Defesa da concorrência.