RESUMODuas populações naturais de Anopheles darlingi foram analisadas quanto aos padrões de variabilidade genética relacionados ao comportamento hematofágico, cujas coletas foram realizadas no intra, peri e extradomicíio, em dois municípios do Estado do Amazonas: Coari e Manaus. Os resultados evidenciaram amplo número de fragmentos polimórficos, bem como elevada variabilidade genética nessas populações. Na população de Coari, a porcentagem de locos polimórficos (P) e heterozigosidade (He) variou de 77,63% -84,86% e 0,2851 -0,3069, respectivamente, sendo a maior variabilidade genética detectada nas subpopulações do intradomicílio, e a menor nas do peridomicílio. A população de Manaus mostrou variabilidade genética similar a de Coari (P= 75% -78,94% e He= 0,2732 -0,2741), onde também foi detectada maior variabilidade genética no intradomicílio. Os dados de qui-quadrado (x 2 = 695,89; GL= 304; P < 0,001) e de F ST (F ST = 0,0775 ± 0,0072) foram significativos, indicando uma estruturação micro geográfica, decorrente de alguma redução no fluxo gênico. Esses resultados podem ser interpretados como sendo em resposta à pressão de seleção face aos inseticidas, que permanecem residuais nas paredes dos domicílios. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Anopheles darlingi, malária, variabilidade genética, RAPD.Genetic variability in populations of Anopheles darlingi (Diptera: Culicidae) and relationship to biting activity behavior as analyzed by RAPD ABSTRACT Two natural populations of Anopheles darlingi, collected in the intra, peri and extra domicile of two townships in the State of Amazonas, Coari and Manaus, were assayed as to their hematophagic behaviour-related genetic variability patterns. Findings revealed a large number of polymorphic fragments as well as high genetic variability in these populations. Polymorphic loci rate (P) and heterozygosity (He) in the Coari population varied between 77.63% -84.86% and 0.2851 -0.3069, respectively, with the highest and lowest genetic variability being detected in the intra-and peri-domicile sub-populations, respectively. The Manaus population showed genetic variability and heterozygosity similar to those in Coari (P= 75% -78.94% and He= 0.2732 -0.2741), where higher genetic variability was detected in the intra-domicile as well. Chi-square data (x 2 = 695.89; GL= 304; P < 0.001) and FST (F ST = 0.0775 ± 0.0072) were significant, indicating micro-geographic structuring resulting from some decreased gene flow. These findings point out the selective pressure response to the residual insecticide remaining on household walls after the entire neighbourhood had been sprayed with it during malaria control programs.
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