Administration scolaire : la pratique de gestion de la directrice « Nègre » militante des mouvements affro-descendants FÉVRIER 2004 UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DA BAHIA-UNEB UNIVERSITÉ DU QUÉBEC Á CfflCOUTIMI
AGRADECIMIENTOSEn el largo camino que llevo recorrido y que hoy llega a su fin con la defensa de esta tesis, he conocido a numerosas personas que de un modo u otro me han apoyado y que merecen un reconocimiento especial. Por ello agradezco:Al Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación por concederme una subvención para un contrato de Técnico de Apoyo de Infraestructuras.A la Universitat Politècnica de València y al COMAV la concesión de una beca de Formación de Personal Investigador.A los doctores Salva Roselló y Fernando Nuez, directores de esta tesis, su apoyo incondicional y sus consejos a lo largo de las diversas etapas que han dado como resultado este manuscrito. En especial, agradecerle a Fernando la oportunidad de formar parte de esta gran familia de investigadores que es el COMAV, y a Salva, por adentrarme en el mundo de la mejora de la calidad y ayudarme a buscar la luz cuando me desesperaba porque la oscuridad no me dejaba avanzar en la investigación. Gracias por demostrarme que la paciencia y el buen hacer son imprescindibles para obtener trabajos de "calidad".Al Dr. José Manuel Herrero y a la Universitat de València, su aportación a la presente tesis. Gracias José, por ser tan accesible y brindarme la oportunidad de conocer una técnica de última generación.A la Dra. Merche Valcárcel y la Universitat Jaume I de Castelló, sin los cuales no se hubiera podido realizar la réplica de unos de mis trabajos más ambiciosos.Al Dr. Jaime Cebolla, que desde el primer día de esta tesis ha estado ahí, respondiéndome a las dudas y sin su apoyo algún que otro trabajo todavía no se habría publicado.Al Dr. Ángel Maquieira y al Departamento de Química por aceptarme como una más en los ratos que compartimos en el laboratorio, poniendo a mi alcance cualquier medio disponible.En especial, a Luis y a todos aquellos alumnos de Agrónomos y Agrícolas (en aquel entonces, mis niños) que mediante becas de colaboración, trabajos finales de carrera o créditos de libre elección compartieron conmigo inicialmente el día a día del laboratorio de mejora de la calidad: Ángeles, Dulce, Paco, Gloria, Luismi, Mercé, Víctor y Bibi.Y a los que han compartido conmigo este laboratorio al final, especialmente al Dr. Miguel Leiva y Carles Cortés. Gracias Miguel, por compartir recursos de una manera cordial y demostrar que si se quiere se puede. Gracias Carles, por nuestras charlas, tu alegría, tus ganas de trabajar y de competir, tu madurez, no cambies nunca… A mis compañeros del Banco de Germoplasma (Dra. María José, José Vicente, José, Eva, María, Marco y Quique), por su labor en la custodia y conservación de tantos tesoros, imprescindible para la elaboración de esta tesis.Al resto de mis compañeros del COMAV que tantos años me habéis sufrido y que tanto me habéis ayudado Jaume, Javi, Ali, Santi, María, Cristina, Cristina R., Estela, Juan Pablo, Julia, Carolina, Salva, Inma, Carmelo, Belén, Eva, José, Ximo, Carmina, Carlos, José María, Patri, Rosa, Ana, Olga, Iciar, Pascual, Carlos, Miguel Ángel, Paco, Ángel, Mariano, Salva, Mari Carmen, María José, Gl...
Background: Chile, presents one of the highest incidences of Covid-19 infection in the world. Primary care can play a key role in early detection and contention of the disease. There is lack of information on the clinical profile of suspected Covid-19 primary care patients and controversy on the effectiveness of rapid serologic tests in the diagnosis and surveillance of the disease. Aim: To assess the effectiveness of rapid serologic testing in detection and surveillance of Covid-19 cases in primary care. Design and Setting: Longitudinal study based on non-random sample of 522 participants including 304 symptomatic patients and 218 high-risk asymptomatic individuals receiving care at four primary health clinics in an underserved area in Santiago. Method: Participants were systematically assessed and tested for Covid-19 with RT-PCR and serology at baseline and followed clinically and serologically for a three weeks period. Results: The prevalence rate of RT-PCR confirmed Covid-19 cases was 3.5 times higher in symptomatic patients (27.5% (22.1-32.8; 95% CI) compared to asymptomatic participants (7.9% (4.3-11.6; 95% CI). Similarly, the immune response was significantly different between both groups. Sensitivity of serologic testing was 57.8% (44.8-70.1; 95% CI) during the third week of follow-up and specificity was 98.4% (95.5-99.7; 95% CI). Conclusion: Rapid serologic testing is ineffective for detecting asymptomatic or non-severe cases of COVID-19 at early stages of the disease but can be of value for surveillance of immunity response in primary care. The clinical profile and immune response of Covid-19 patients in primary care differ from those in hospital-based populations.
Safety research stresses the importance of achieving similar perceptions regarding the importance of safety to realize a strong culture while at the same time, acknowledges that employees may vary in their safety perceptions. Despite the recognition of this problem, the effect that safety issues have upon various hierarchical levels is not differentiated. Data for this study were drawn from 116 trucking firms, stratified by three safety performance levels. The data were collected from drivers (lowest hierarchical level), dispatchers (medium hierarchical level), and safety directors (highest hierarchical level), regarding their perceptions of their corporate safety cultures. Perceptions of safety culture were analyzed through a linear regression using dummy variables to differentiate the three hierarchical groups. The resulting model allowed for examination of the specific antecedents of safety culture for each hierarchical employee group and the extent to which the hierarchical groups were in agreement with each other. Driver fatigue training, driver opportunity for safety input, and top management commitment to safety were perceived to be integral determinants of safety culture in all three groups. Trucking firms seeking to strengthen their employees' perceptions of safety culture might logically begin by improving these three safety issues. The fourth safety practice examined, driver autonomy, was not found to be instrumental in shaping safety culture for any of the three hierarchical levels. In addition, it should be recognized that various employee groups within the firm are influenced by some practices more than others (e.g., drivers' perceptions of safety culture are more influenced by top management commitment and driver fatigue training).
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