ABSTRACT:The aim in this research was to evaluate the sleep quality of college students in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. A crosssectional study was conducted with 701 students from the Universidade Federal do Ceará, from March to June 2011. We used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Most students presented poor subjective sleep quality (54%), sleep latency in less than 15 minutes (60.1%) and efficiency under 65% (99%). In the sample, the sleep duration was of 6.3 hours per day (SD±1.4 hours) (p<0.001). Data analysis revealed that a substantial portion of the college students (95.3%) surveyed presented poor sleep quality. It is essential to operationalize health promotion actions at the universities in such a way that the students construct their own quality of sleep. DESCRIPTORS: EVALUACIÓN DE LA CALIDAD DEL SUEÑO DE ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS DE FORTALEZA-CERESUMEN: El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la calidad del sueño de los estudiantes universitarios en Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. Se realizó una encuesta con los estudiantes de 701 en la Universidad Federal de Ceará entre marzo y junio de 2011. Se utilizó el índice de la Calidad del Sueño de Pittsburgh (PSQI). La mayoría de los estudiantes tenía una mala calidad subjetiva del sueño (54%), la latencia del sueño y la eficiencia de menos de 15 minutos (60,1%) y 65% (99%), respectivamente. La duración del sueño de la muestra fue de 6,3 horas por día (SD ± 1,4 horas) (p<0,001). El análisis de los siete componentes del PSQI mostró que una parte sustancial de los estudiantes universitarios encuestados (95,2%) tienen mala calidad del sueño. El análisis de datos reveló que una parte sustancial de la universidad investigado (95,3%) tenían mala calidad del sueño. DESCRIPTORES:Sueño. Transtornos del sueño. Estudiantes. Enfermería.

Objective: To present a theoretical reflection about the origin and the assumptions of the "Interpretive Description" method, and to discuss its applicability in Nursing and Health research. Method: Theoretical-reflective study, based on articles and books published by proponent of this approach, as well as scientific articles in which the authors reported having used this method in their studies. Results: It was evidenced that the "Interpretive Description" arose from the need to generate a better understanding of clinical practices in Nursing. This approach has its roots in the methodological traditions of the Social Sciences, although it differs from them in terms of its excessive rigidity and essentially theoretical objectives. The proposed method has been applied in several studies either in Nursing as other areas of Health. Conclusion: The "Interpretive Description" is considered a feasible approach for the production of knowledge in Applied Sciences such as Nursing.

Objetive: Evaluating the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus and its association with clinical and sociodemographic variables. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 419 users of the Estratégia Saúde da Família (Family Health Program). The survey instrument was a validated questionnaire. Results: It was found that 25.3% of users were aged ≥45 years; 59.7% were overweight and 84.0% had abdominal obesity; 83.3% had a sedentary lifestyle; 53.7% did not eat fruits/vegetables daily; 12.9% took antihypertensive medication; 5.3% reported previous history of high glucose and 47% family history of diabetes. Among users 24.6% were classified as low risk; 63.5% as moderate risk and 11.7% as high risk. Conclusion: There was a significant association between the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and the clinical variables: body mass index, waist circumference, diet, use of antihypertensive drugs, history of high glucose and family history , and the sociodemographic variables gender and age. ResumoObjetivo: Avaliar o risco para diabetes mellitus tipo 2 e sua associação com variáveis clínicas e sociodemográficas. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com 419 usuários da Estratégia Saúde da Família. O instrumento de pesquisa foi um questionário validado. Resultados: Verificou-se que 25,3% dos usuários tinham idades ≥45 anos; 59,7% estavam com excesso de peso e 84,0% com obesidade abdominal; 83,3% eram sedentários; 53,7% não comiam frutas/verduras diariamente; 12,9% tomavam anti-hipertensivos; 5,3% mencionaram história prévia de glicose alta e 47% história familiar de diabetes. Foram classificados como de baixo risco 24,6% dos usuários; 63,5% como de risco moderado e 11,7% de risco alto. Conclusão: Houve associação significante entre o risco para desenvolver diabetes mellitus tipo 2 e as variáveis clínicas: índice de massa corporal, circunferência abdominal, alimentação, uso de anti-hipertensivos, história de glicose alta e história familiar, e as variáveis sociodemográficas gênero e idade.

No abstract

Objective: To identify factors associated with type 2 diabetes (DM2) in users of the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in the city of Itapipoca, Ceará (Brazil). Methods: A transversal study, conducted during the period from March/2009 to October/2010, in 11 basic health units, in which sociodemographic and clinical data were collected from a sample of 419 users of these units. Results: Among the study participants, 250 (59.7%) were overweight, 352 (84.0%) had central obesity, 349 (83.3%) were sedentary, and 225 (53.7%) did not eat fruits and/or vegetables daily. There was a statistically significant association between central obesity and gender variables (p <0.001), age (p = 0.001) and marital status (p <0.001), and between nutrition research and education (p = 0.033) and socioeconomic status (p = 0.007). Conclusion: Because modifiable risk factors for DM2 were identified with a higher prevalence, we suggest the development of educational interventions for changes in the lifestyles of individuals and systematic monitoring of these changes, with the objective of reducing or delaying the onset of the disease. Keywords: Risk factors; Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Public health nursing; Family health RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar os fatores associados ao Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) em usuários da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) da cidade de Itapipoca-Ceará. Métodos: Estudo transversal, realizado no período de março/2009 a outubro/2010, em 11 unidades básicas de saúde, nas quais foram coletados dados sociodemográficos e clínicos de amostra de 419 usuários dessas unidades. Resultados: Entre os participantes do estudo, 250 (59,7%) estavam com excesso de peso, 352 (84,0%) com obesidade central, 349 (83,3%) eram sedentários e 225 (53,7%) não comiam frutas e/ou verduras diariamente. Houve associação estatisticamente significante entre as variáveis obesidade central e sexo (p<0,001), idade (p=0,001) e estado civil (p<0,001); e entre investigação nutricional e escolaridade (p=0,033) e classe econômica (p=0,007). Conclusão: Diante dos fatores de risco modificáveis para DM2 identificados com maior prevalência sugere-se o desenvolvimento de intervenções educativas para mudanças no estilo de vida dos indivíduos e o acompanhamento sistemático dessas mudanças, objetivando reduzir ou retardar o aparecimento da doença. Descritores: Fatores de risco; Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2; Enfermagem em saúde pública; Saúde da família RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar los factores asociados a la Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) en usuarios de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia (ESF) de la ciudad de Itapipoca-Ceará. Métodos: Estudio transversal, realizado en el período de marzo/2009 a octubre/2010, en 11 unidades básicas de salud, en las cuales fueron recolectados los datos sociodemográficos y clínicos de la muestra de 419 usuarios de esas unidades. Resultados: Entre los participantes del estudio, 250 (59,7%) estaban con exceso de peso, 352 (84,0%) con obesidad central, 349 (83,3%) eran sedentarios y 225 (53,7%) no comían frutas y/o verduras diariam...

Changes in lipid profile are present in the young population and intervention studies should be encouraged in order to reduce the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in adulthood.

this work demonstrates that the familiar care worker is not prepared to receive and to rehabilitate people who have special necessities as it is the case of victims of stroke.

The objective of this cross-sectional study was to analyze therapeutic communication techniques used by health workers with patients under care for diabetes mellitus. Data were collected in 2010 in a public facility in the interior of Ceará, Brazil using video camera equipment and direct observation. Results showed that the most frequently used techniques within the "expression" group were: asking questions, voicing interest, and using descriptive phrases. The most frequently used technique within the "clarification" group was: asking the patient to specify the agent of action. Finally, in regard to the "validation" group, only the technique "summarizing content of the interaction" was employed. The conclusion is that despite the use of communication techniques on the part of professionals, there is still an alarming gap concerning communication skills. Such skills should be allied with technical expertise to enable the delivery of qualified care to individuals with diabetes mellitus. La comunicación terapéutica entre profesionales y pacientes en la atención en diabetes mellitusEste estudio transversal tuvo como objetivo analizar las técnicas de comunicación terapéutica entre profesionales y pacientes en la atención en diabetes mellitus. Los datos se recogieron en una institución pública de Ceará-Brasil, en 2010, con equipos de video y observación directa. Los resultados mostraron que las técnicas del grupo de expresión más utilizadas fueron: hacer preguntas, expresar interés y usar frases descriptivas. Con relación a las del grupo de clarificación sobresalió solicitar al paciente que necesite el agente de la acción. Con relación a las de validación, apenas se utilizó las de organizar el contenido de la interacción. Se concluye que a pesar del uso de técnicas de comunicación por los profesionales, aun es preocupante la laguna con relación a la habilidad en comunicación, que debe ser aliada a la capacidad técnica, para así propiciar el cuidado calificado a las personas con diabetes mellitus. , as well as for physicians and nurses in primary heath care services (7,(10)(11) . Despite the recognition of the importance of the communication process in the care provided to individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM), studies addressing communication techniques employed in the daily practice of professionals dealing with these patients were not found, which justifies this study. A checklist based on the theoretical framework concerning therapeutic communication strategies (2) along with a field diary and filming equipment were used to collect data. Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem 2012 July-Aug.;20(4):685-92. ResultsThe results described as follows were obtained through observation and the filming of consultations provided by health workers to patients with DM.