The cassava processing chain is potentially sustainable and can actively contribute in the change towards the circular economy. The present article aimed at assessing global scientific research trends on anaerobic treatment of wastewater originating from cassava processing. In this regard, a bibliometric analysis of anaerobic digestion and biogas production of wastewater from cassava processing was carried out within the period between 1980 and 2020, using the Scopus database. The results showed that the interest of research on the subject grew exponentially from 2001, being mainly focused on the recovery of by‐products such as methane, biogas, hydrogen, bio‐oil, bioethanol, propionic acid and butyric acid. Full‐scale anaerobic wastewater treatment already is carried out in countries such as India, China and Thailand, and has been explored largely in developing countries. The studies demonstrated that wastewater bioconversion is an attractive solution, with widespread full‐scale applications. The authors of the present work expect that new publications on environmental and economic sustainability of the processing industry of cassava by‐products will contribute to the sector's development towards a green and low‐carbon economy. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).