Background Medication errors have long been associated with low-quality medical care services and significant additional medical costs. Objective The aim of this study was to culturally adapt and validate the questionnaire on knowledge, attitudes and behaviors in the administration of intravenous medication, as well as to explore these factors in a hospital setting. Methods The study was divided into two phases: 1) validation and cross-cultural adaptation, and 2) cross-sectional study. A total of 276 hospital-based nursing professionals participated in the study. Results A Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.849 was found, indicating good internal consistency. In the multivariate analysis, statistically significant differences were found between knowledge and attitudes, demonstrating that having greater suitable knowledge correlates with having a more positive attitude. It was also discovered that having a positive attitude as well as the necessary knowledge increases the possibility of engaging in adequate behaviors. Conclusions The knowledge, attitudes and behavior questionnaire has a satisfactory internal consistency in order to be applied to the Spanish context. Implications for nursing management: Knowledge acquisition and positive attitude are both factors which promote adequate behavior, which in turn seems to have an impact on medication errors prevention. Health institutions must encourage continuous education for their employees.
RevisionesIntroducción: La comunicación posibilita el establecimiento de vínculos profesionales, facilitando la colaboración interdisciplinar, así como la elaboración de planes conjuntos. Los problemas de comunicación interprofesional durante la actividad asistencial habitual, pueden transformarse en errores de información que afecten a la seguridad del paciente. Objetivo: Analizar las variables, temas y categorías que caracterizan la comunicación entre profesionales de enfermería y medicina para una atención sanitaria segura. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de los estudios primarios publicados en bases de datos electrónicas en inglés y español sobre la comunicación entre profesionales de enfermería y medicina. Resultados: Diecisiete estudios cumplieron los criterios de la revisión. Tanto en estudios cuantitativos como cualitativos se puso de manifiesto que hablar de forma clara y precisa favorecía la seguridad del paciente. Por el contrario, el uso de lenguaje indirecto o su inhibición dificultó una comunicación interprofesional eficaz. En estudios cualitativos, los profesionales de enfermería recomendaron el mantenimiento de una actitud profesional respetuosa, de colaboración, reconocimiento profesional y mayor escucha. Conclusiones: Hay una ausencia generalizada de adaptación transcultural y validación de los cuestionarios en los estudios cuantitativos. La mayoría de los estudios están circunscritos a entornos de atención en servicios especiales. Se necesitan más estudios en hospitalización.Palabras clave: comunicación; comunicación interprofesional; relaciones enfermeros-médicos; seguridad del paciente.Introduction: Communication enables the establishment of professional links, facilitating interdisciplinary collaboration, as well as the elaboration of joint plans. Interprofessional communication problems during usual care activity can be transformed into information errors that affect patient safety. Objective: To analyze the variables, themes and categories that characterize the communication between nursing and medical professionals for safe health care. Methodology: A systematic review of the primary studies published in electronic databases in English and Spanish on communication between nursing and medical professionals was carried out. Results: Seventeen studies met the criteria of the review. Both quantitative and qualitative studies showed that speaking clearly and precisely favored patient safety. On the contrary, the use of indirect language or its inhibition hindered effective interprofessional communication. In qualitative studies, nursing professionals recommended the maintenance of a respectful professional attitude, collaboration, professional recognition and greater listening. Conclusions: There is a general absence of cross-cultural adaptation and validation of questionnaires in quantitative studies. Most of the studies are limited to special services care settings. More studies in hospitalization are needed.
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