O conhecimento sobre os itinerários de pessoas em busca de atenção à saúde pode contribuir para compreensão sobre o comportamento em relação ao cuidado e utilização de serviços de saúde. Apesar de sua potencialidade, os estudos sobre itinerários terapêuticos não tem expressão conhecida no Brasil. Este artigo busca apresentar um levantamento da produção científica nacional sobre o assunto nos últimos 20 anos, descrevendo e analisando as abordagens realizadas. Os dados foram coletados durante os meses de setembro e novembro de 2008 através do portal da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. A busca resultou em 11 artigos que foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo por meio de categorização. Observou-se que os estudos sobre itinerários terapêuticos no Brasil são recentes e pouco explorados por pesquisadores e gestores. A abordagem socioantropológica oferece suporte teórico à maioria dos estudos realizados. O principal foco de interesse é a percepção do paciente sobre a doença e tratamento. Poucos são os estudos que nessa discussão associam aspectos sobre o acesso e utilização dos serviços e fatores relacionados ao contexto do paciente. Conclui-se que o estudo sobre itinerários terapêuticos pode ser uma importante ferramenta para a qualificação da assistência.
This study aimed to identify the sociodemographic profiles of women diagnosed as breast cancer in the city of Belo Horizonte and to investigate its association with interval between diagnosis and treatment. A cross-sectional study from hospital records of 715 patients undergoing treatment between 2010 and 2013. Cluster analysis was used to delineate the profiles from the variables: age, color of the skin, education and cost of treatment. The association between profiles and intervals was investigated using multinomial logistic regression. Five profiles were identified: A (white skin color, years of schooling >15 and treatment through private healthcare systems); B (white skin color, years of schooling = 11 and treatment through the Unified National Health System (SUS); C and D (brown skin color, years of schooling = 11 and < 8 respectively, and SUS); E (black skin color, years of schooling < 8, and SUS). Profiles B, C, D and E were associated with increased diagnosis-to-treatment intervals regardless of cancer staging upon diagnosis; and profile E had 37-fold higher chances of interval > 91 days (OR: 37.26;. Breast cancer patients with social vulnerability profiles wait longer for treatment even after overcoming barriers to access oncology units.
30, 53, 64, 53 and 84, respectively. In 19 (61.3%) municipalities no reference center for the diagnosis of the infection was available, so that most of the patients (80%) were referred to Belo Horizonte. Twelve (39%) municipalities have a center for leishmaniasis evaluation, however in only eight (67%) of these basic specific diagnostic tests were available. Rapid and extensive increase of leishmaniasis associated with low diagnosis capacity has been observed in the metropolitan area of Belo Horizonte.
Introduction Breast cancer is the leading cause of death by cancer in women in Brazil. Timely access to treatment is a priority for health policy in the country. However, indicators of the disease are not equally distributed between women. Poverty and low levels of schooling associate with late diagnosis, worse prognosis and lower survival. Objective To investigate differences between women from different socio-demographic profiles in the breast cancer care trajectory in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Method This is a hermeneutic study through narrative analysis. The selection of the participants was based on data from hospital records of four public and private oncology services in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, according to the following variables: age, levels of schooling, and treatment cost source (Proxy of income): In-depth interviews were performed with 35 women characterized in three profiles: Profile 1 ( n = 7), age range 51–69 years, schooling ≥15 years and private treatment cost; Profile 2 ( n = 13), age range 35–58 years, schooling = 11 years and predominantly public treatment costing; Profile 3 ( n = 15), age range 43–79 years, schooling ≤ 8 years and public treatment cost. Results The analysis of the narratives allowed the identification of three main themes (preventive care and first signs/symptoms; search for care and diagnosis of cancer; treatment and perceptions about care received) that highlighted differences between the trajectories, with prejudice to women with characteristics of greater vulnerability (Profile 3). Conclusion Although in Brazil the attention to women with breast cancer is guided by principles of equality and equity of care, it is necessary to develop mechanisms to prevent discriminatory practices and that guarantee equality of access to diagnosis and treatment.
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