<p><span><span>The lace bug, <em>Corythucha gossypii</em> (Fabricius) is a serious pest affecting over 24 wild and commercially important plant species of the families Annonaceae, Passiflorcae, Caricaceae, Euphorbiaceae, and Solanaceae. Thus far, commercial insecticides, such as 0.1% Dimethoate and 0.1% Imidacloprid have shown effectiveness against this insect, but no botanical pesticides are available to control this bug. In the present study, a <em>Rollinia mucosa</em> (Jacq.) Baillon ethanol extractwas evaluated as a biological control agent against the lace bug. Through a toxicity assay involving <em>Artemia salina</em>, the median lethal concentration (LC50) of a raw ethanol extract of <em>R. mucosa</em> seeds was determined, as well as that of its Acetogenin (F1) and Alkaloid (F2) fractions; these LC50 were 0.184, 0.082, and 0.0493 g/mL, respectively. In addition, with an insecticide assay on lace bug nymphs, a mortality percentage of 86.67% at 5 g/mL after 72h was observed. These data demonstrate that the <em>R. mucosa</em> seed extract is highly active. Further chemical characterization studies revealed that the main active metabolites contributing to extract activity were acetogenins and alkaloids. <br /></span></span></p>

This document analyzed research and development trends related to chemical, biological and economical biopesticides based on plant extracts, with emphasis on the Annonaceae family. A systematic review of the literature between 1947 and 2018 was done with an advance search equation in a specialized data base. This paper contains the development of plant bio pesticides, their modes of action, the more prominent families according to their bioactivity and the secondary metabolites that exert control over pests that are significant in agriculture and public health. The dynamics of publications, at the national and international levels, were identified, along with the countries that lead research, patents assigned in the last 20 years, market trends and bio pesticide regulation. The reviewed research is relevant to bioprospecting plant extracts with potential insecticidal activity and to the subsequent development of biocides using botanical extracts; the Annonaceae family is promising.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of Annona muricata and Allium fistulosum extracts in controlling Thrips tabaci and to identify the main secondary metabolites. We obtained extracts from A. muricata seeds and of A. fistulosum L. leaves. An in vitro model for evaluating insecticide against T. tabaci was performed. The effect of the extracts was individually and subsequently assessed in mixtures for determining the mean lethal concentration. According to the results obtained with T. tabaci, the A. muricata L. extract showed LC 50 = 82.93 mg L-1 , the essential oil showed LC 50 = 335.29 mg L-1 , and the hydrolate showed LC 50 = 2348.84 mg L-1. The combinations of extracts reached mortality rates between 50% and 72.62%, which are promising results as alternatives for the comprehensive management of this pest. The analysis of the Annonaceae extract using HPLC indicated the presence of acetogenins and alkaloids, and the analysis of A. fistulosum L. extracts using GC-MS showed the presence of volatile sulfur compounds. The phenol and total flavonoid contents were also determined in the essential oil and in the A. fistulosum L. hydrolate.

Annona montana Macfad is a fruit species of the Annonaceae family. In this study, the phytochemical potential of A. montana seeds was investigated. Ethanol and hexane extracts from seeds were evaluated for cytotoxicity and insecticidal activity, phenolic content, and antioxidant capacity. The latter being related to free radical scavenging activity assay (DPPH) and ferric reducing power (FRAP). Exposing Artemia salina to both seed extract types reveled their high toxicity with a median lethal concentration (LC50) of < 10 μg mL-1. Further A. montana seed insecticidal activity was evaluated against Thrips tabaci L., revealing that the most promising treatments were observed for a concentration of 100 mg L-1 in both extracts. The ethanol extract resulted in a mortality of 67.5 % and the hexane extract in a 53.3 % mortality. The ethanolic extract of A. montana seeds showed the highest total phenolic content: 297.38 mg GAE/100 g of dried extract and 192.66 mg TE/100 g, and 385.46 mg TE/100 g for DPPH and FRAP, respectively. The chemical characterization of both extracts by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed the presence of acetogenins. The results obtained idicate that the A. montana extracts are a promising source of compounds with insecticidal activity.