ACT may be an alternative to CBT for treatment of drug abuse and associated mental disorders. In fact, at long-term, ACT may be more appropriate than CBT for incarcerated women who present serious problems.
This study examines the addictive, criminal and psychopathological profile of a sample of 59 women incarcerated in the Villabona prison in Asturias (a region in northern Spain). The instruments administered were the EuropASI, the SCL-90-R and a semi-structured interview.Results showed that the profile is a young, single women with family dependents serving an average of 5 years' imprisonment. Of the total sample, 64.4% met criteria for a substance abuse disorder. We found a statistically significant relationship between the variables use-nonuse and type of crime: women who used substances had committed the most crimes against property and against the socioeconomic order. As regards psychopathology, 44.06% of the sample fulfilled the requirements for clinical case according to Derogatis' (1994) criteria. The results of the SCL-90-R showed that the predominant psychological disorders were, in the following order, depression, somatization, obsessive-compulsive disorder and paranoid ideation. Moreover, in the group of female users, 47.4% had dual pathology. Our results revealed a statistically significant relationship between clinical case and substance use. Finally, statistically significant differences were found between the user and nonuser groups in the EuropASI severity profile. Highest scores were found for the medical, psychiatric and family areas in the user group.Keywords: women, prison, drug abuse, dual diagnosis. RESUMEN ABSTRACTEn este estudio se analiza el perfil adictivo, delictivo y psicopatológico de una muestra de 59 mujeres encarceladas en el Centro Penitenciario (C.P.) de Villabona (Asturias). Para ello se administraron los instrumentos EuropASI, SCL-90-R y una entrevista semiestructurada. Los resultados mostraron que se trata de una mujer joven, soltera y con carga familiar que cumple una condena media de 5 años de encarcelamiento. Del total de la muestra, el 64.4% presentaron criterios para un trastorno por abuso de sustancias. Se halló una relación estadísticamente significativa entre las variables consumo-no consumo y tipo de delito, siendo las mujeres consumidoras las que más delitos contra la propiedad y contra el orden socioeconómico habían cometido. Respecto a la psicopatología, el 44.06% de la muestra cumplía los requisitos de caso clínico de acuerdo a los criterios de Derogatis (1994). Los resultados del SCL-90-R mostraron que los trastornos psicológicos predominantes eran, en este orden, la depresión, la somatización, el trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo y la ideación paranoide. Además, en el grupo de mujeres consumidoras, el 47.4% presentaba patología dual. Se puso en evidencia la relación estadísticamente significativa entre caso clínico y consumo de sustancias. Por último, se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grupos consumo-no consumo de drogas en el perfil de gravedad del EuropASI. Fueron el área médica, familiar y psiquiátrica del grupo consumo las que mayores puntuaciones presentaron.Palabras clave: mujer, prisión, abuso de drogas, patología dual. Perfil...
RESUMEN ABSTRACTIntroducción: Los datos epidemiológicos recientes indican que un 92.5% de los internados en prisión declaran haber consumido sustancias psicoactivas. A pesar de ellos, solamente un 2% de las investigaciones en patología dual se han realizado en el contexto penitenciario. Por ello, el objetivo del presente estudio descriptivo de carácter transversal, fue analizar los perfiles de patología dual en una prisión española y probar la factibilidad de dos instrumentos de evaluación. Método: Se cuenta con una muestra de 152 internos procedentes de los módulos ordinarios del Centro Penitenciario de Villabona que manifestaron consumos compatibles con los criterios de un Trastorno por Uso de Sustancias y accedieron a realizar la entrevista voluntariamente. Se administraron la sexta versión del Índice de Gravedad de la Adicción-ASI-6-y la Entrevista Neuropsiquiátrica Internacional-MINI-.Resultados: El perfil del entrevistado responde a un varón de 34 años, soltero, con hijos y con un tiempo medio de encarcelación que ronda los cinco años. Únicamente el 4.5% de los entrevistados declara no consumir drogas en la actualidad, llevando más de un año abstinente. De los consumidores en activo, la sustancia de consumo principal es mayoritariamente cocaína (37,6%), heroína (29,9%) o alcohol (10,8%). El 52,7% reconoce haber consumido en el último mes. Con respecto al estado psicopatológico, únicamente el 12,9% no presenta patologías asociadas. Entre ellos, la sintomatología más prevalente es el trastorno antisocial de la personalidad (TAP, 65,6%), riesgo de suicidio (45,2%), depresión (35,9%) y ansiedad (25,5%). Conclusión: Los instrumentos propuestos -ASI-6 y MINI-son pruebas factibles y recomendables para detectar la gravedad de la adicción y de la psicopatología asociada en este contexto.Palabras clave: patología dual, trastornos relacionados con sustancias, diagnóstico, prisiones. recibido: Junio 2010 aceptado: Diciembre 2010Necesidad de evaluación de la patología dual en contexto penitenciario
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has produced high stress in nurses, affecting their professional quality of life. Different variables affect psychological stress response and professional quality of life. In this context, the role of professional values represents an interesting object of research. Objectives: To analyze the relationship between professional values, perceived stress, and professional quality of life among nurses during the COVID-19 crisis. Research design, participants, and research context: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Participants were 439 registered nurses from the public health system. Perceived stress, professional quality of life, and professional values were evaluated by using measuring instruments adapted and validated in the geographic context of research. Data were collected online in December 2020 during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. Ethical considerations: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee on Clinical Research of the Principality of Asturias. Findings: Within professional values, ethics obtained higher scores showing the primacy of ethical values among nurses. Moderate correlations between ethics, mastery, expertise, and compassion satisfaction were found. Frontline nurses informed high perceived stress. The correlations between professional values and compassion satisfaction were higher in non-frontline nurses. A moderate negative correlation between perceived stress and compassion satisfaction was found in both groups, which implies that the higher the stress, the lower the satisfaction in the helping relationship. Conclusion: Professional values positively influence compassion satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic. Compassion satisfaction presents a negative correlation with fatigue compassion and burnout in frontline and non-frontline nurses. Given the functionality of values both to guide clinical practice professionally and ethically, and prevent dissatisfaction with one’s professional quality of life by reinforcing compassion satisfaction, it is necessary to reinforce them with an intensive and cross-sectional learning during the university training.
The study aims to determine the rate of dual diagnosis (DD), examine the most common mental disorders, and determine whether a history of childhood sexual/physical abuse (CSA/CPA) is associated with this phenomenon. One-hundred and eighty inmates from a Spanish prison were assessed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview and the Addiction Severity Index-6. The data showed that 46.8% of the males and 65.1% of the females had a substance use disorder. With regard to CPA, similar percentages were found in both genders. Nevertheless, rates of CSA were highest in females. Logistic regression analysis was performed by gender. CPA was predictor of DD for males, and CSA was predictor of DD for females, showing the greatest weight. In addition, in both cases, the number of drugs of abuse was an adequate predictor. We can state that these forms of maltreatment are risk factors for the development of a broad range of psychopathological problems.
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