RESUMENIntroducción: La obesidad y el desarrollo de enfermedades hepáticas que se caracterizan por el aumento y acumulación de lípidos en tejidos y sangre, inflamación y estrés oxidante, son actualmente una epidemia mundial, y en la población mexicana es cada vez mayor el número de jóvenes afectados. Este aumento ha conducido a la investigación médica hacia la detección temprana del síndrome metabólico, que se emplea como indicador de síntomas que pueden ser de riesgo para la salud y conducir a enfermedades hepáticas. Objetivo: Los objetivos del presente trabajo fueron: evaluar en un modelo de dislipidemia en conejos jóvenes alimentados con una dieta alta en grasa (ácido palmítico al 20%), la producción de especies reactivas del oxígeno y cambios en la expresión de genes TLR4, COX2y de !L-1β como marcadores de inflamación y de estrés oxidante, así como evaluar el efecto del ácido acetilsalicílico en la producción de radicales libres y en la expresión de estos genes. Resultados: En los conejos alimentados con exceso de grasa aumentaron los niveles de triglicéridos (p<0.05), la expresión de TLR4 y las especies reactivas del oxígeno, aunque éstas últimas no de forma significativa. La administración de ácido acetilsalicílico en dosis antiinflamatorias disminuyó la producción de especies reactivas del oxígeno y la expresión de TLR4. Discusión: La ingesta elevada de grasa en conejos jóvenes por un período corto de tiempo conduce a la dislipidemia y a la sobreexpresión de TLR4, gen clave de la respuesta inflamatoria y vinculada al aumento de las especies reactivas del oxígeno. Los resultados indican que el ácido acetilsalicílico tiene efecto antioxidante. Palabras Clave: Obesidad, dislipidemia, inflamación, estrés oxidante, hígado graso no alcohólico (HGNA). ABSTRACT Introduction:The obesity and liver diseases progression are characterized by the increase and accumulation of lipids in tissues and blood, inflammation and oxidative stress. These diseases are now a worldwide epidemic, and the number of young people affected is increasing in the Mexican population. This increase has led to medical research towards the early detection of the metabolic syndrome, which is used as an indicator of symptoms that may be at risk for health and lead to liver disease. Objective: The objectives of the present study were to evaluate in a model of dyslipidemia in young rabbits fed three months with a diet high in fat (20% palmitic acid), the production of reactive oxygen species and changes in TLR4, COX2 and !L-1β gene expression, as markers of inflammation and oxidative stress; also to evaluate the effect of acetylsalicylic acid on the production of free radicals and on the expression of these genes. Results: In rabbits fed with excess of fat, significantly increased the levels of triglycerides (p<0.05), TLR4 expression, and reactive oxygen species, although in the latter, not significantly. The administration of acetylsalicylic acid in anti-inflammatory doses decreased the production of reactive oxygen species and the expression of TL...
Introduction: Cellular damage by oxidation is present in numerous chronic diseases, such as obesity, type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and nonalcoholic fatty liver, among others. The oxidized compound 3-nitrotyrosine is a marker of oxidative stress and protein oxidation damage. The objective of this work is to establish by means of 3-nitrotyrosine whether this marker in young people with obesity is higher than in the same population without obesity. Method: Anthropometry and blood chemistry analyses were performed on 24 young Mexican participants (18-30 years old), forming two groups based on their waist circumference: With Obesity (≥ 80 cm women;> 90 cm men) and Without-Obesity (<80 cm women; <90 cm men). Additionally, 3-nitrotyrosine blood values were quantified by ELISA. Results: Except for HDL-cholesterol, the mean values of lipids increase in women and men With Obesity (p<0.05), and 3-nitrotyrosine concentration (nM/μg total protein) was higher by 60% in the group With Obesity compared to the group Without Obesity, both for women (66.21 ± 23.85 vs. 40.69 ± 16.25, p<0.05) and men (51.72 ± 20.56 vs. 30.52 ± 5.21, p<0.05). Conclusions: Oxidative damage measured by compound 3-nitrotyrosine is higher in the groups With Obesity than in the groups Without Obesity, which if not controlled can lead to a chronic oxidative condition and thereby to a degree of cellular aging with diverse health effects.
The consumption of commercial bottled water worldwide has increased surprisingly. To ensure that its consumption has no harmful effects on human health, research must be carried out with living organisms. The growth of Nicotiana tabacum plants was analyzed after being irrigated with tap and commercial bottled water. Plants irrigated with commercial bottled water had leaves with chlorosis, smaller number of leaves with a shorter length of stem and leaf, compared to plants irrigated with tap water, and root, stem and leaf showed an increase of reactive oxygen species production with a significant decrease of chlorophylls. Chemical analysis of commercial bottled water showed a low ion concentration, and an acidic pH value (5.5) which is below the minimum of Mexican NOM-127-SSA1-2000 pH value standard (6.5-8.5). The growth, chlorophyll concentration and antioxidant capacity of plants irrigated with bottled water are negatively affected compared to those irrigated with tap water.
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