Objetivo: Analisar os dados epidemiológicos da tuberculose no estado de Minas Gerais. Métodos: O levantamento de dados envolveu análise descritiva, retrospectiva e transversal, com abordagem quantitativa de dados. Os dados epidemiológicos foram compilados do Sistema de Informação Hospitalar do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH/SUS). Resultados: Foram registrados 73.837 casos de tuberculose no estado de Minas Gerais durante o período de 2001 a maio de 2016, sendo 80% a forma pulmonar. Houve um decréscimo de incidência da doença, passando de 5902 em 2002 para 4038 em 2015. Os principais fatores de risco registrados são: faixa etária entre 20 e 39 anos (40%), sexo masculino (68%) e raça branca e parda (65%). Ressaltou-se que o êxito no tratamento da tuberculose correlaciona-se com a escolaridade do paciente, tendo em vista que aqueles analfabetos ou somente com ensino básico completo, apresentam 10% a mais de chance de evolução para complicações. Conclusão: A prevalência e incidência de tuberculose, relativamente, altas no Brasil quando comparadas ao contexto mundial, ressaltam a necessidade de estudos epidemiológicos, socioambientais e sociodemográficos, visando ao conhecimento das necessidades em saúde de cada região. Em vista disso, a abordagem direta dos fatores de risco aliada às medidas profiláticas de educação em saúde específicas no contexto regional, permitem a diminuição dos casos de ocorrência da tuberculose, além de minimizar seus danos.
Adolescence is a period of transition, marked by habits that can influence the health of individuals in the long run. This study aimed to analyze the association between physical activity and food consumption in adolescents. This is a cross-sectional study with a probabilistic sample of 1.570 school adolescents from Montes Claros, MG, Brazil. The level of physical activity and consumption of fruits, vegetables, sweets, and soda/soft drinks was analyzed. Logistic regression was performed (significance level 5%). Among adolescents, 80.8% were classified as not active and practiced physical activity for at least 60 minutes in less than five days a week. In relation to food, 85.2% and 34.3% of adolescents reported consuming legumes and fruits less than three times a week, respectively. Consumption five times a week or more of treats was 64.1% and soft drinks 90.3%. Those who consumed fruit three times a week or less were 40% more likely to be less active. Those who consumed soda more than five times a week were twice as likely to be little active. Low levels of physical activity were associated with consumption of fruit less than or equal to three times a week and soft drinks greater than five times a week. There is a need to encourage the promotion of healthy lifestyle habits regarding the practice of physical activity and food consumption among adolescents, in school and family contexts.
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