ObjectiveTo evaluate thermography application as a complementary method in preventing muscle injury in professional soccer players. MethodsA longitudinal prospective study with 28 professional soccer players that composed a first division of Brazilian’s soccer team between 2015 and 2016. In both seasons (2015 and 2016), muscle injuries were documented and classified in grade of severity, by ultrasound. During the following season (2016), infrared medical thermography was applied twice a week (48 hours after game) and if a difference of temperature was detected higher than 0.4°C, a prevention protocol was initiated. Muscle injuries in 2016 were documented.ResultsIn 2015, the total number of muscle injuries was 11. In 2016, the total number of muscle injuries was 4 (p=0.04). It represents an incidence/player of 78% in 2015 and 28% in 2016, corresponding to a decrease of 64% in 2016. Seven players played in the first team in both seasons. Among these seven players, muscle injuries were reduced from 8 (in 2015) to 3 (in 2016)—a decrease of 63% in the season we used thermographic monitoring (p=0.06).ConclusionThe pilot data provide a promising catalyst for a rigorous RCT that could examine whether thermography can contribute to a muscle injury prevention programme.
RESUMOA termografia médica infravermelha é um instrumento de análise não invasiva e não radioativa, capaz de analisar funções fisiológicas relacionadas com o controle da temperatura da pele. A termografia detecta a luz infravermelha emitida pelo corpo e visualiza mudanças de temperatura corporal relacionadas à alteração no fluxo sanguíneo. Não é um método que mostra anormalidades anatômicas, porém é capaz de mostrar mudanças fisiológicas. Existem várias aplicações da termografia no campo da medicina: desordens neurológicas, reumatológicas, musculares, doenças vasculares, patologias urológicas, ginecológicas, ortopédicas e na medicina esportiva. Para todas as áreas médicas, a termografia está estabelecida como uma medida que proporciona um mapeamento visual da distribuição da temperatura da pele. A termografia não deve ser usada como ferramenta diagnóstica única. Exames clínicos devem ser realizados para interpretação dos termogramas. Nas aplicações médicas, esta técnica proporciona, somente, uma imagem da distribuição da temperatura da pele; não é capaz de mostrar dados de uma superfície profunda do corpo, como é possível por outros exames de imagem. Entretanto, é um método não-invasivo e objetivo, além de seguro e inofensivo. Na medicina do esporte, o uso da termografia pode proporcionar melhores resultados aos atletas por ser um instrumento na identificação de riscos e na prevenção de lesões, além de ser uma importante ferramenta no acompanhamento do treinamento esportivo, a partir da avaliação da quantificação da carga de trabalho.Descritores: raios infravermelhos; reprodutibilidade dos testes; medicina esportiva/métodos; termografia/métodos. ABSTRACT Medical infrared thermography is a non-invasive, non-radioactive detection tool that is capable of analyzing physiological functions related to skin temperature control. Thermography detects infrared light emitted by the body and visualizes changes in body temperature related to changes in blood flow. It is not a method that shows anatomical abnormalities, but it is In medical applications, this technique only provides an image of the distribution of skin temperature; it is not capable of showing data for a deep surface layers of the body, as is possible with other imaging exams. However it is a non-invasive, objective method, as well as being safe and harmless. In sports medicine, the use of thermography can provide better results for athletes, as it is an instrument for identifying risks and preventing injuries, as well as an important tool for monitoring sports training, based on the evaluation of training load. Keywords: infrared rays; reproducibility of results; sports medicine/methods; thermography/methods. RESUMEN La termografía médica infrarroja es un instrumento para el análisis no invasivo y no radiactivo, capaz de analizar las funciones fisiológicas relacionadas con el control de temperatura de la piel. La termografía detecta la luz infrarroja emitida por el cuerpo y muestra los cambios relacionados con la temperatura corporal con respecto a la vari...
In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the disease caused by the SARS-CoV2 virus, known as COVID-19, to be a pandemic. The sporting world, too, is suffering from the global effects of this disease, with the postponement or cancellation of competitions, including the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games. As a proposal for containing the disease, social isolation was declared. Despite the importance of this measure, it was harmful for Olympic athletes, as they had to stay away from their training site and trainers, as well as their interdisciplinary teams. It is therefore important to study this harm caused, in order to minimize it. In general, it is believed that regular physical activity is associated with improved immune system functioning. The lack of training can therefore have significant consequences for the performance and health of the Olympic athlete. From the athlete's point of view, the impaired immune system, due to the reduced frequency of physical exercise, leaves them more vulnerable to contracting or developing infections or other diseases. The risk of harm due to the decreased performance of preventive works is also evident in this population. The reductions in training load and intensity can cause changes in the athlete's body composition and affect various aspects of cardiorespiratory fitness, as well as reducing strength levels and muscle potency. In relation to the athlete's mental health, two aspects are particularly challenging: isolation and uncertainty. Based on the possible harm caused by social isolation, the need is seen for a specific and joint work, in an attempt to minimize it. This work addresses the following topics: (I) context: transmission, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, discharge criteria, isolation and post-pandemic consequences; (II) harm and proposals: nutritional, physiological, biomechanical and psychological. Level of evidence II; Review Article.
Since December 2019, the world has been fighting the SARS-CoV2 virus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). Little is known about vaccines and forms of treatment at this point. However, the importance of preventing transmission is very clear, and one of the main measures is social isolation. Major sports tournaments, including soccer championships, have been suspended or cancelled due to COVID-19, on the grounds of our understanding of the importance of social isolation. Accordingly, large clubs have handed over their stadiums for the construction of field hospitals, and have encouraged health care by providing guidance on hygiene and social distancing. The involvement of soccer in the prevention of this pandemic is due to the fact that its managers understand the importance of this sport in the process, and its influence on fans and players. Over the years, soccer has incorporated scientific and technological knowledge into the game, which has frequently served as a role model for other types of sport and for the population. Therefore, in these extreme times of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is no reason to believe it would be any different, and standpoints taken by soccer teams serve as an example and reiterate their role in the educational commitment to society and respect for government authorities. As a result, a protocol was drawn up for the resumption of training, in which all recommendations to be followed by players, managers/backroom staff and employees are in accordance with official health agencies of the national and international government. In other words, the resumption of training is subject to the authorization of government authorities. Level of evidence III; Descriptive study.
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