: The Association of Academic Physiatrists is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. The Association of Academic Physiatrists designates this activity for a maximum of 1.5 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s). Physicians should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

Objective The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of two pelvic floor exercise programs on lower urinary tract symptoms and quality of life in participants with multiple sclerosis. Design This is a prospective, single-blind, clinical trial. Settings The study used a community rehabilitation program within a large metropolitan health service. Participants Thirty women in moderate stage of multiple sclerosis were referred for outpatient rehabilitation. Interventions In a period of 6 mos, participants underwent a pelvic floor exercise program, associated or not with vaginal electrotherapy. Main Outcomes The main outcomes are overactive bladder, perineal contraction, and quality of life. Results The findings showed benefits of both programs on overactive bladder and quality of life. Participants undergoing exercise plus electrotherapy presented greater improvement on contraction of the perineal musculature and quality of life. Conclusions Six months of exercise provided benefits on lower urinary tract symptoms and quality of life in women with multiple sclerosis. Electrical stimulation potentiated the improvement on perineal musculature and quality of life. This trial was registered prospectively with the Clinical Trials Register, ID: BR-287q65 (http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-287q65/).

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The COVID-19 pandemic has affected people’s lives and caused changes in habits. The World Health Organization recommends social isolation as a way of minimizing the risk of contagion of the disease. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The aim of the study was to assess the impact of social isolation due to COVID-19 pandemic on the physical and mental health of older adults and to investigate how anthropometric, functional, and clinical aspects are associated with this process. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Fifty healthy older adults were followed-up during 5 months. The subjects had their physical and mental health assessed during social isolation (pre-vaccine situation) and after the opening of stores and activities in the municipality (post-vaccine situation). Physical evaluation was performed using the 30-s sit and stand test. Participants’ mental health was assessed with the Geriatric Depression Scale and the Loneliness Index. In this methodological design, muscle strength, depressive symptoms, and loneliness index were subject to pre-post analyses. In addition, these variables were included as outcomes in linear regression models. Participants’ anthropometric, functional, and clinical factors were included as predictors of the statistical model. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Participants’ scores at baseline were consistent with mild depressive symptoms and low loneliness. The muscle strength of the subjects was appropriate to their ages. After 5 months of social isolation, all variables declined, but with statistical significance only for depressive symptoms (<i>p</i> = 0.017, effect size of 0.11). Anthropometric, functional, and clinical factors explained 42.8% of depressive symptoms, 22.3% of loneliness, and 30.2% of muscle strength in the elderly. <b><i>Discussion/Conclusion:</i></b> Older adults presented baseline scores consistent with mild depressive symptoms and low loneliness. The muscular strength of the subjects was appropriate for their ages. After 5 months of social isolation, all variables declined. Anthropometric, functional, and clinical factors explained a substantial part of the depressive symptoms, loneliness, and muscular strength in the elderly. Health care professionals should be aware of performing a wide assessment in subjects’ lives to ensure better health status.

Objetivo: O intuito deste trabalho foi investigar a função sexual e a qualidade de vida das mulheres sobreviventes do câncer de mama. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal, incluindo 36 mulheres submetidas à cirurgia de câncer de mama (17 mastectomias e 19 quadrantectomias), sexualmente ativas, em tratamento hormonioterápico, com idade entre 37 e 60 anos. O instrumento utilizado para avaliar a função sexual foi o Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) e, para a qualidade de vida, o European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30). Resultados: Neste estudo, 61,1% das mulheres apresentaram disfunção sexual. Em relação à qualidade de vida, mulheres mais jovens foram mais impactadas em sua capacidade funcional (p=0,049). Conclusão: A prevalência de disfunção sexual é elevada nas mulheres sobreviventes do câncer de mama, destacando-se o desejo hipoativo e a dispareunia. Em relação à qualidade de vida, foi observado mais prejuízo da capacidade funcional nas mulheres jovens. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Câncer de mama; qualidade de vida; sexualidade; mastectomia. RESUMO ABSTRACTObjective: The aim of this study was to investigate the sexual function and quality of life of breast cancer survival women.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study including 36 women who underwent breast cancer surgery (17 mastectomies and 19 quadrantectomies), sexually active, undergoing hormone therapy, aged 37 to 60 years old. Data were collected through the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30). Results: In this study, 61.1% of the women had sexual dysfunction. Regarding quality of life, younger women were more impacted in their functional capacity (p=0,049). Conclusion: The prevalence of sexual dysfunction is higher in breast cancer survival women, with hypoactive desire and dyspareunia. Regarding quality of life, greater impairment of functional capacity was observed in young women.

PURPOSE:To evaluate the effect of short and long term alloxan-induced diabetes on bladder and urethral function of female rats, and also describing its correlated morphological alterations. METHODS:Thirty five female rats were divided into three groups: G1 (n=9), control group; G2 (n=17), six weeks alloxan-induced diabetic rats; G3 (n=9), 20 weeks alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Functional evaluation was performed by cystometry and simultaneous measurements of the urethral pressure during bladder filling and voiding. Morphological evaluation was also performed with measurement of bladder and urethral fibrosis and collagen content and thickness of lamina propria and smooth muscle layers. RESULTS:The peak bladder pressures and contraction amplitudes were decreased in 100% and 47% of the G3 and G2 groups respectively, when compared to control. Bladder overactivity was observed in 53% of the G2 group. CONCLUSION:Alloxan-induced diabetes urethropathty in female rat was associated to bladder morphological alterations as higher thicknesses of it lamina propria, detrusor and adventicea.