BackgroundApium leptophyllum (Pers.) is an annual herb with traditional appreciation for various pharmacological properties; however, the scientific information on this herb is insufficient. The aim of the present investigation was undertaken to evaluate flavonoidal fraction of A. leptophyllum fruit (FFALF) against diarrhoea on albino rats.MethodsThe antidiarrhoeal study was conducted by castor oil induce diarrhoea, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) induced enteropooling and intestinal transit by charcoal meal test. The rats were divided into five groups (six/group). Group I served as control and received orally 2% acacia suspension; Group II served as standard and received orally loperamide (3 mg/kg) or atropine sulphate (5 mg/kg); Group III, IV and V served as test groups and received the FFALF at doses of 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg orally, respectively.ResultsIn castor oil-induced diarrhoeal model, the FFALF significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the frequency of diarrhoea, defecation and weight of faeces as well as increased the sodium–potassium ATPase (Na+K+ATPase) activity and decreased nitric oxide (NO) content in the small intestine. In prostaglandin induced enteropooling model, it significantly (p < 0.01) and dose dependently slowed the intestinal fluid accumulation by decreasing the masses and volumes of intestinal fluid where as in charcoal meal test, it decreased charcoal meal transit in gastrointestinal tract as compared with control.ConclusionsThe study reveals that the FFALF possess anti-diarrhoeal properties mediated through inhibition of hyper secretion and gastrointestinal motility which support the traditional use of the plant.
Liver is a vital organ that plays a major role in metabolism and excretion of xenobiotics from the body. Liver injury or liver dysfunction is a major health problem that challenges not only health care professionals but also the pharmaceutical industry and drug regulatory agencies. Liver cell injury caused by various toxic chemicals (certain anti-biotics, chemotherapeutic agents, carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ), thioacetamide (TAA) etc.), excessive alcohol consumption and microbes is well-studied. The available synthetic drugs to treat liver disorders in this condition also cause further damage to the liver. Hence, herbal drugs have become increasingly popular and their use is wide spread. Herbal medicines have been used in the treatment of liver diseases for a long time. A number of herbal preparations are available in the market. The present review is aimed at compiling data on promising phytochemicals from medicinal plants that have been tested in hepatotoxicity models using modern scientific system.
Aim:The objective of the study was to investigate the lactogenic activity of methanolic extract of Teramnus labialis (L.) fruit (MTLF) on rats.Subjects and Methods:Nursing rats (200–250 g) with their suckling pups were selected and were divided into five groups (n = 6). Group I treated as control (distil water); Group II treated as standard (domperidone), and Group III, IV, and V were orally administered with MTLF at 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg body weight, respectively and continued for l4th day of parturition. Milk yield, the pups as well as mother's weight were measured daily. On 15th day, the total protein/carbohydrate contents from mammary tissue and serum prolactin/cortisol level from blood sample were measured and compared with control.Results:Oral administration of MTLF increases the milk yield, body weight of pups as well as mother rat, glycogen, and protein content as well as serum prolactin and cortisol level as compared to the control animals. In addition, the lactogenic effect of MTLF was followed dose-dependent manner as compared to control.Conclusions:The present study was revealed that the MTLF possesses significant lactogenic activity by enhancing milk production and prolactin concentration in nursing rats.
Aims:To investigate the memory enhancing potential of ethanolic extract of Elephantopus scaber (Linn.) leaves (EESL) in Swiss albino aged mice along with its possible mode of action. Materials and Methods: The memory enhancing activity was estimated by measurement of transfer latency (TL) in elevated plus maze test; step-down latency (SDL) in passive avoidance test, cholinesterase and caspase level from brain homogenate of mice. The EESL at the dose of 150, 300, and 600 mg/kg of body weight was administered orally for 15 days to different groups (n = 6) of aged mice and was found dose dependent improvement in memory score after termination period. Results: In aged mice, EESL reversed significantly amnesiatic potential in TL and SDL, reduced significantly cholinesterase level, and increased significantly caspase level as compared to control group. Conclusions: These above finding suggest that the EESL may exhibit memory enhancing activity in aged mice and this enhancement of memory may be due to increase anticholinesterase and caspase activity in mice brain.How to cite this article: Sahoo HB, Mandal PK, Bhattamisra SK, Bhaiji A, Sagar R. A new weapon for memory power: Elephantopus scaber (Linn.). Int J Nutr Pharmacol Neurol Dis 2014;4:64-8.
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