Phomoxanthones A (1) and B (2), two novel xanthone dimers, were isolated from the endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. BCC 1323. Structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. These compounds exhibited significant in vitro antimalarial and antitubercular activities and cytotoxicity.
Bioassay-guided fractionation of the extract from the fermentation broth of Streptomyces spectabilis BCC 4785 led to the isolation of three principle antimalarial agents, metacycloprodigiosin, bafilomycin A 1 , and spectinabilin. Metacycloprodigiosin exhibited potent in vitro activity against Plasmodium falciparum K1, with a 50% inhibitory concentration of 0.0050 ؎ 0.0010 g/ml, while its cytotoxicity was much weaker.
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