Aging can be characterized as the collision of cellular and organ-destructive processes over the years with actions that maintain homeostasis, vitality, and longevity. The current study was based on an assessment of various indicators of stress, Heat shock proteins and antioxidants in elderly subjects to identifying their significance in ageing. It was aimed to increase the heat shock proteins, decreased antioxidants and vitamins responsible for ageing. A total of 100 individuals were recruited in the current study consisting of 50 young control and 50 older people. The significance of HSPs (60, 70, 90) and oxidative and antioxidant markers, were analyzed through laboratory tests and ELIZA kits using serum samples. The results were evaluated through an independent t-test in SPSS version 16. Elder group showed a significantly higher level of HSP-60, HSP-70, and HSP-90 than the control group. According to study results, the anti-oxidant profile, which includes SOD, CAT, and GSH, exhibited a dramatically declining trend in the aged population. MDA and NO, which are indicators of oxidative stress, were also higher in the elderly population than in the young. The study also showed that the elderly had lower vitamin A, C, D, and E levels than the young. The results reflect the increased level of inflammatory markers specifically heat shock proteins in old people compared to healthy control. It is indication that increased level of heat shock proteins are responsible for aging. It can be cured by limiting the heat shock proteins.
Background: Fungal infections are getting worse due to their resistance against available antibiotics and have always remain a problem. Homoeopathic mother tinctures are part of therapy in clinical patients with less side effects and much efficient against pathogenic infections. Methodology: Echinops echinatus and Fagonia cretica plant mother tinctures were performed and used to evaluate the anti-fungal potential of these plants against potentially pathogenic fungal species like Candida albicans, Aspergillus ustus, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus by agar disc diffusion method. Three doses were used (0.25 ml, 0.5 ml and 1 ml volume per disc) and zone of inhibition was observed in millimetres and compared with positive control Fluconazole (2 mg/ml) which is commercially available. Results: The results indicated efficacy of both mother tinctures showed remakarble activity against pathogens with zone of inhibition ranging 17.33 – 30.33 mm. Conclusion: Current work indicated anti-infective potential of plants which can be added in therapy of infections in future after confirmation in in-vivo models.
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