Language plays a pivotal role in constructing identity and ideology. It shapes the people’s ideas and beliefs about specific perspectives. This research is mainly concerned with constructed ideologies through discourse. The present study is based on the book “Fire and Fury: Inside the Trump White House” written by Michael Wolff. The approach for present research is qualitative in nature and for analysis; different extracts are taken from the book. It adopts Fairclough’s (1992) three-dimensional model for analysis which includes textual, discursive practice and social practice analyses. The study reveals that a constructed ideology of Trump is portrayed in this book, in which, he is presented as ineligible and unfit person for the post of president of United States. Thus, in conclusion, the value of discourse in conveying the specific ideology cannot be underestimated.
The study investigates COVID-19 language of fear and phobia in Pakistani newspaper's political cartoons. These cartoons are a powerful medium for visual communication of any current and significant scenario as one image depicts the whole story. The editorial cartoons are also used to convey a specific meaning behind visual features. The present study is mainly concerned with the coronavirus, which affected life all over the world, and it is observed how newspapers are reporting this pandemic through political cartoons. Data is collected from 'The Dawn' newspaper. The research is qualitative. Machin's (2007) multimodal analysis is adapted for data analysis. Images denote and connote to convey a specific meaning according to the social and historical contexts. The study reveals that these political cartoons disseminate fear and mental illness among the people. However, they are also mocking and criticizing the official authorities for the economic crisis by highlighting the financial problems of the masses, as they did not make the wise decisions on time to control this pandemic.
Solar technology is widely used to generate the electricity. It is fundamental p-n junction that supplies the emf whenever sunlight falls on it. A lot of efforts have been incremented by inserting the impurity level in the semiconductor band gap to enhance the efficiency of the solar cells. Copper zinc tin sulphide (Cu2ZnSnS4) devices are the highly stable and efficient part for the most fundamental of many solar cells. Cadmium (Cd) doping is carried out to enhance the efficiency of CZTS. Cadmium sulphide (CdS) consists of band gap that is 2.4 eV. Ternary organic solar cells attract the researchers interest level due to the best absorbing capacity that is much easier to handle but the exclusive difficulty in dealing with its morphology. Thin film solar cells have greater coefficient of absorption because of its high functioning and have band gap value in the range between 1.5 and 1.0 eV. Solar cells consists of chalcopyrite on a polyimide film that demonstrates the largest cell efficiency approximately 18.7%.
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