Investigation on the degradation of pyrazosulfuron ethyl by Aspergillus terreus in the rice ecosystem was conducted at the Department of Biochemistry, UBKV, Pundibari Coochbehar, West Bengal, India. The soil was collected from the paddy field to isolate fungal inoculums. Results revealed that Aspergillus terreus can survive in minimal broth containing pyrazosulfuron ethyl at 1000 ppm and degrades through two major pathways, first involves the cleaves of sulfonylurea bridge resulting in the formation of two major metabolites viz., 2-amino-4, 6 –dimethoxyprimidine, 5-aminosulfonyl-1-methyl-pyrazole-4-carboxylic ethyl ester and, second was the cleavage of sulfonyl amide linkage which forms the metabolite viz; 1 methyl pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester,1 methyl pyrazole -4-carboxylic acid, 5-carbamoyl -1-methyl pyrazole -4-carboxylic acid ethyl-ester. The enzyme involved in these transformations can be utilized to decontaminate soil and water from Pyrazosulfuron ethyl residue. Even, the gene responsible for the production of these useful enzymes can be exploited for future research.
Mango plants grown under high-density planting show a progressive decline in yield after 10-11 years of planting due to overcrowding of branches. To overcome this problem rejuvenation of the orchard is generally recommended with modification of nutrients through the soil and foliar spray to increase the fruit yield. But which beheaded height is suitable for rejuvenation of plants under the high density of mango is not standardized. So this experiment was conducted to find out the effect of different levels of beheaded heights and, foliar spray of micronutrients on flowering and fruiting attributes of mango cv. Amrapali during 2019-20 and 2020-21 at the Department of Horticulture and Postharvest Technology, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan, West Bengal, India. Six different beheaded height viz. T1- 80cm, T2-100 cm, T3-120 cm, T4-140 cm, T5-160 cm, and T6-180 cm and, two foliar sprays of micronutrients (just before flowering and fruiting) were taken as treatment. The experiment was designed in split-plot with three replication. Days to flowering, days to 50 % flowering, days to fruit set, number of panicles per plant, length of panicles, fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight, fruit volume, pulp weight, stone weight, peel weight and pulp stone ratios were taken for observation. It was found that different levels of beheaded height and foliar spray of micronutrients had a significant effect on flowering and fruiting attributes. Plant beheaded at 80 cm height from ground level showed early days to flowering, days to 50 % flowering, days to fruit set, including the highest number of panicles per plant, the largest panicles length, maximum fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight, fruit volume, pulp weight, and pulp stone ratio. Foliar spray of 0.4% Zinc Sulphate, Copper Sulphate (0.2%), Borax (0.2%) [2 sprays at just before flowering and marble stage] was found to have a significant effect on flowering and fruiting attributes except for pulp stone ratio. Interaction of different levels of beheaded height and foliar spray of micronutrients showed a significant effect on flowering and fruiting attributes. Early days to flowering, 50 % flowering, fruit set, number of panicles per plant, panicles length, fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight, fruit volume, pulp weight, and pulp stone ratio was recorded highest in T1 F2 (plant beheaded at 80 cm height with foliar spray of 0.4% Zinc Sulphate, Copper Sulphate (0.2%), Borax (0.2%). It can be concluded that a plant beheaded at 80 cm height with foliar spray of 0.4% Zinc Sulphate + Copper Sulphate (0.2%) + Borax (0.2%) [2 sprays just before flowering and marble stage] can produce higher fruit yield in terms of maximum fruit weight, fruit size, fruit volume with early flowering and fruiting.
A field experiment was carried out during Rabi 2022 season at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agriculture Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, to study the response of Seaweed Sap and Organic Manures on Growth and Yield of Baby Corn. The treatments consists of three level of Seaweed sap (5%, 7.5% and 10%), Organic manures (FYM, Poultry manure, Vermicompost) and control. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with ten treatments and replicated thrice. The soil of the experimental field was sandy loam with pH (8.0), EC (0.56 ds/m), Organic Carbon (0.62%), Available N (225 kg/ha), Available P (38.2 kg/ha), and Available K (240.7 kg/ha). The results showed that application of Seaweed sap (10%) + Vermicompost – 8.5t/ha recorded significantly higher plant height (167.58 cm), maximum dry weight (98.48 g), No. of cobs/plant (2.47), cob length (21.40 cm), Cob weight with husk (49.84 g/cob), Cob yield (11.03 t/ha) and stover yield (35.33 t/ha). Maximum gross returns (281216.67 INR/ha), net returns (216726.67 INR/ha) and Benefit Cost (B.C) ratio (3.36).
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