Advancement in radial passenger car tyre tread compound introduces performance resin as a potential ingredient to improve wet grip (WG) and rolling resistance (RR). In this direction, our approach is to investigate the effect of two types of performance resins as Resin‐1 (mixture of aliphatic and aromatic) and Resin‐2 (aliphatic hydrocarbon) in silica filled solution polymerized styrene butadiene rubber (SSBR)/butadiene rubber (BR) based tread cap compound. Resin‐1 and Resin‐2 replaced low poly cyclic aromatic (PCA) oil by 10 phr (partially) and 20 phr (completely) with respect to the reference compound. It was observed that Resin‐1 has improved WG by 18% and 52%, whereas Resin‐2 showed 33% and 54% improvement at 10 phr and 20 phr replacement, respectively. Microscopic analysis was carried out to identify the dispersion of silica after replacement of oil by resins. Abrasion and fatigue resistance were studied by Laboratory Abrasion Tester (LAT‐100) and Tear Fatigue Analyzer (TFA) to understand the wear and fracture behavior of the modified compounds. Resin‐2 displayed 54% improvements in WG keeping similar RR and fatigue resistance by complete replacement of oil, whereas partial replacement was not appreciated due to less impact in dynamic mechanical properties.
Thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) has potential to meet stringent requirements of reduced rolling resistance coefficient (RRc) of tires by lowering the hysteresis of the compound. Syndiotactic polymers could impart their reinforcing nature to the matrix, enhancing compound modulus, hysteresis and fatigue cut growth (FCG) properties with an added advantage of compound weight reduction. In this study, two grades of VCR (Vinyl Cis Rubber) with 12% (VCR412) and 17% (VCR617) of syndiotacticity have been introduced in a 50/50 Natural rubber (NR)/cis‐Butadiene rubber (BR) based sidewall compound. 50% and 100% replacement of BR by VCR have been experimented in modified formulations from where 15 phr of carbon black is also withdrawn. This modification led to reduction of 24% and 18% in loss factor (tan δ) at 70°C in VCR412 and VCR617 respectively in comparison with reference compound. Improvement in 12% dynamic stiffness is also found by employing 50 phr of VCR617. Homogeneous dispersion of VCR in rubber matrix is confirmed by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) analysis. Fatigue Crack Growth (FCG) rate of sidewall compound with VCR617 reveals lower crack propagation realized by crack path deviation. Complete replacement of BR by VCR617 lead to optimized thermo‐mechanical properties related to hysteresis, dynamic stiffness and fatigue resistance.
<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Tyre rubber materials are viscoelastic in nature and generates heat during its operation due to hysteresis loss. Rubber being a poor thermal conductor, heat dissipation is a concern from product durability point of view. Further, during tyre manufacturing, curing is an essential process where heat conduction of rubber materials plays an important role to achieve desirable cure state. Therefore, thermal properties of rubber compounds are important inputs for tyre designing and manufacturing process. With this background, the present work focuses on characterising thermal properties (thermal conductivity, specific heat, thermal diffusivity, etc.) of rubber compounds using a Hot Disc Thermal Conductivity (TPS-2200, Sweden). In this work, new generation fillers, such as carbon nano tube were used in the rubber compounds to improve thermal conduction and thermal properties are compared with conventional carbon black based rubber compound. These new generation fillers are anisotropic in nature and have a colossal difference in the axial (in-plane) and radial (through-plane) heat flow. For these heterogeneous materials, anisotropic methods are more decisive compared to the isotropic one to obtain their actual thermal conductivity behaviour. Hence, a comprehensive investigation of heat profiles with varying morphology and texture has been elucidated in this work for detailed understanding of tyre curing with better prediction of product performance.</div></div>
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