ABSTRAKNelayan di Desa Toniku Kabupaten Halmahera Barat, awalnya menggunakan bagan perahu untuk menangkap ikan teri Stolephorus sp. sebagai umpan perikanan pole and line, akan tetapi pada saat ini banyak tertangkap selain teri yaitu juvenil dan larva ikan, ini permasalahan yang perlu dikaji komposisi tangkapan dari bagan perahu. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis komposisi tangkapan, by-cacth, discard, dan aspek ekonomi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di perairan desa Toniku Kabupaten Halmahera Barat, dari tanggal 1 sampai 9 Juni 2018. Metode penelitian adalah metode survei. Obyek penelitian yaitu ikan hasil tangkapan bagan perahu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tangkapan bagan perahu didominasi oleh ikan target tangkap, yaitu; ikan teri (Stolephorus sp) sebesar 86,295%, tangkapan sampingan 12,335% dan tangkapan yang dibuang 1,370%. Tangkapan sampingan didominasi ikan peperek (Leiognatus sp) yaitu 5,575%. Nilai keuntungan Usaha bagan perahu sebesar Rp 93.047.200,00/tahun dengan B/C ratio 2,96. Berdasarkan perbandingan antara target tangkap dengan by-catch dan discard, bagan perahu di Desa Toniku Kabupaten Halmahera Barat dikategorikan alat tangkap ramah lingkungan dan secara finansial menguntungkan dan layak dikembangkan (berkelanjutan). Walaupun discard rate pada bagan perahu rendah namun usaha-usaha untuk meminimumkan tetap perlu dilakukan. Salah satu usaha yang bisa dilakukan adalah sortir, dan hasil tangkapan yang tidak memiliki nilai ekonomis dibuang ke laut dalam keadaan masih hidup. ABSTRACTFishermen in Toniku Village, West Halmahera Regency, initially used a boat lift net to catch anchovy Stolephorus sp. As bait for pole and line fisheries, but at this time many were caught besides anchovy, namely juvenile and fish larvae, these are problems that need to be studied from the boat lift net. The study objective was to analyze the composition of catchs, by-catch, discard, and economic aspects. The research was carried out in the waters of Toniku village, West Halmahera Regency, from June 1 to 9, 2018. The study method is the survey method. The object of the research is the fish catch by the boat lift net. The study results show the catch of the boat's lift net was dominated by main catch, namely; anchovy (Stolephorus sp) is 86.295%, by-catch 12.335% and discard 1.370%. The bay-catch is dominated by peperek (Leiognatus sp) which is 5.575%. Value of the boat lift net business profit of Rp. 93,047,200.00/year with B/C ratio 2.96. Based on the comparison between catch targets and by-catch and discard, the boat lift net in Toniku Village, West Halmahera Regency is categorized as environmentally friendly and financially profitable and feasible (sustainable) fishing gear. Although the discard rate on the boat chart is low, efforts to minimize it still need to be done. One effort that can be done is sorting, and catches that have no economic value are dumped into the sea while still alive.
Skipjacks in the western and southern waters of North Maluku ABSTRAKPenangkapan cakalang di perairan barat dan selatan Provinsi Maluku Utara dilakukan dengan menggunakan huhate (pole and line) dengan alat bantu rumpon. Cakalang yang berkumpul di lapisan permukaan air cenderung tergolong ikan-ikan yang berumur muda yang tertangkap saat aktivitas penangkapan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalis data biologis cakalang yaitu: hubungan panjang berat, pertumbuhan, ukuran panjang pertama kali matang gonad dan layak tangkap, komposisi ukuran, dan tingkat kematangan gonad. Sampel cakalang dikumpulkan dari perairan barat (zona A) dan selatan (zona B) Provinsi Maluku Utara, yang dilakukan dari April 2012 sampai Mei 2013. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai b=3 untuk cakalang yang tertangkap di sekitar rumpon zona A dan B. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan cakalang dikedua zona tersebut berpola isometrik. Nilai L ∞ cakalang yang tertangkap zona A dapat mencapai 75 cm pada umur 56 bulan dan di zona B mencapai 76 cm pada umur 56 bulan.Nilai L m cakalang yang tertangkap di zona A dan zona B diperoleh sebesar 43 cm, dengan kisaran panjang cagak cakalang yang tertangkap di zona A berkisar antara 26,0-72,0 cm, dan di zona B berkisar antara 26-71 cm. Tingkat kematangan gonad cakalang yang tertangkap di zona A dan zona B, diperoleh beberapa tingkat kematangan gonad yaitu TKG I, TKG II, TKG III, TKG IV, dan TKG V. TKG V dari cakalang yang tertangkap di sekitar rumpon zona A ditemukan pada bulan Maret dan B pada bulan Juli, sehingga dapat diduga cakalang di kedua zona memijah sepanjang tahun dengan puncak terjadi pada bulan Maret untuk zona A dan Juli zona B.
The success of development the coastal fishing port in Tobelo of North Halmahera Regency cannot be separated from the existence of basic, functional and supporting facilities, therefore it is necessary to know the conditions and level of utilization of these facilities. The objectives of the research are; describe the existing condition of main and functional facilities and analyze the level of utilization of the main and functional facilities at the Tobelo coastal fishing port, North Halmahera Regency. The research was conducted at the Tobelo coastal fishing port, North Halmahera Regency, for one month, namely in November 2020. The research method used was a case study. The condition of the existence of basic facilities at PPP Tobelo, namely the length of the pier having a capacity of 80.00 m, an area of the port pool of 100 m2, the depth of the pier waters -5.00. The existing condition of functional facilities is an ice factory consisting of 2 units (each with a capacity of 5 tonnes a day), ABF consisting of 2 units (each with a capacity of 5 tonnes / 24 hours) and cold storage consisting of 2 units (each with a capacity of 50 tonnes). The utilization rate of the length of the pier and port pond exceeds the optimal limit of the installed capacity, then the utilization rate of the depth of the pier waters, ice factory, air blast freezer, and cold storage is not optimal.
Ternate Island lies in a strategic location as it is situated in the middle of the main fishing ground for skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis) fishing using pole and line (huhate) and fish aggregating devices (FADs). As typical pelagic fish, skipjack that is gathered near the water surface is the younger fish, likewise the ones which are caught around FADs. Therefore, this fishing method has caused serious problem due to the domination of young fish and increasing bycatch and discard. The objective of this research is to analyze the size structure of the fork length, appropriate size for catching, catch composition, bycatch and discard level. Pole and line catch samples were collected in 3 months fromMay to July 2018. The results show that in average, skipjack tuna caught in the study location was undersize. The total catch is predominantly targeted fish which has a higher economic value compared to bycatch and discarded fish. Even though bycatch in the pole and line fisheries are low, reduction efforts are still required. which can be done by sorting bycatch and unwanted fish then discard it into the sea when the fish is still alive.Keywords: biology, pole and line, sustainability status, Ternate City ABSTRAKPosisi Pulau Ternate sangat strategis karena berada di tengah perairan yang menjadi daerah operasi penangkapan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis) dengan alat tangkap huhate (pole and line) yang dibantu dengan penggunaan rumpon. Sebagaimana ikan pelagis lainnya, ikan-ikan cakalang yang berkumpul di lapisan permukaan air cenderung tergolong ikan-ikan muda. Oleh karena itu, cakalang yang tertangkap di sekitar rumpon juga cenderung ikan-ikan yang masih muda. Fenomena ini menyebabkan munculnya sebuah masalah besar, yaitu dominasi ikan-ikan muda, selain itu juga sering tertangkap ikan yang bukan target tangkap yang terdiri dari bycatch dan discards. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis struktur ukuran panjang cagak dan ukuran cakalang layak tangkap, komposisi hasil tangkapan, persentase bycatch dan discards. Sampel hasil tangkapan huhate dikumpulkan selama 3 bulan (Mei sampai Juli 2018). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rataan cakalang di lokasi penelitian didominasi ukuran belum layak tangkap. Total hasil tangkapan didominasi ikan target, sementara itu bycatch yang tertangkap memiliki nilai ekonomis yang baik dan tidak ditemukan discards. Walaupun bycatch pada perikanan huhate rendah namun usaha-usaha untuk meminimumkan tetap perlu dilakukan. Salah satu usaha yang bisa dilakukan adalah menyortir hasil tangkapan, ada apabila ada ikan yang akan dibuang ke laut, dilakukan dalam keadaan masih hidup.Kata Kunci: Biologi, huhate (pole and line), status keberlanjutan, Kota Ternate
Based on information from fishermen and fish entrepreneurs, about 95.5% of the catch landed in the Bacan fishing port is stored in the air blast freezer (ABF) which is targeted for regional and exportsmarkets, while the remaining 4.5% is sold locally. The actual condition shows that the ABF has limited capacity. Furthermore, the need for ice blocks and diesel fuel (BBM) cannot be full filed as the ice factory and fuel station (SPDN) inside the port was not able to meet the current demand. As a result, fishermen have to buy from outside fishing port .In order to improve the port service, development program supported by scientific investigation on existing port performance is required. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the level of utilization and satisfaction of users of cold chain facilities and SPDN in PPP Bacan. The research was conducted at PPP Bacan, South Halmahera Regency, North Maluku Province, from August to September. Data were collected within 2 weeks, from 5 to 19 September 2020. The results showed that the utilization rate of ice factory facilities, ABF, and SPDN had exceeded the optimal limit, while the cold stroge was not optimal. All stakeholders (skippers, fishermen, and fish buyers) expressed their dissatisfaction with the service of the ice factory facilities, ABF, and SPDN, while the cold storage facilities were very satisfied. Keywords: Evaluation, utilization, satisfaction, cold chain, coast fishing port, Bacan.
Skipjacks in the western and southern waters of North Maluku Province were caught using pole and line with FADs. Skipjack usually swims near the surface water and tends to be classified as a juvenile skipjack that caught during fishing activities. The study objective was to analyze biological data of skipjack including length weight relationship, growth, length at first maturity/lm and catch size, size composition and gonad maturity. Skipjack samples were caught in the waters of the western (zone A) and southern (zone b) areas of North Maluku Province, from April 2012 until May 2013. The sudy results show the value bof skipjack caught around FADs at zone A and B were similar as b=3. This indicates that the growth of skipjack in both areas was categorized as in isometric pattern. L∞ of skipjack caught at zone A was 75 cm at the age of 56 months and at zone B was 76 cm at the age of 56 months. Lm value skipjack caught in zone A and zone B was obtained by 43 cm, with a range of long-forked skipjack caught in zone A from 26.0 to 72.0 cm, and at zone B from 26-to 71 cm , The gonad maturity at zone A and B, was obtained in the similar stages as maturity stages I, II, III,IV, and V. TKG V of the skipjack caught around FADs zone A is found in March and B in July, so it can be presumed skipjack in two zones throughout the year with peak spawning occurs in March for zone A and B in July. ABSTRAKPenangkapan cakalang di perairan barat dan selatan Provinsi Maluku Utara dilakukan dengan menggunakan huhate (pole and line) dengan alat bantu rumpon. Cakalang yang berkumpul di lapisan permukaan air cenderung tergolong ikan-ikan yang berumur muda yang tertangkap saat aktivitas penangkapan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalis data biologis cakalang yaitu: hubungan panjang berat, pertumbuhan, ukuran panjang pertama kali matang gonad dan layak tangkap, komposisi ukuran, dan tingkat kematangan gonad. Sampel cakalang dikumpulkan dari perairan barat (zona A) dan selatan (zona B) Provinsi Maluku Utara, yang dilakukan dari April 2012 sampai Mei 2013. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai b=3 untuk cakalang yang tertangkap di sekitar rumpon zona A dan B. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan cakalang dikedua zona tersebut berpola isometrik. Nilai L ∞ cakalang yang tertangkap zona A dapat mencapai 75 cm pada umur 56 bulan dan di zona B mencapai 76 cm pada umur 56 bulan.Nilai L m cakalang yang tertangkap di zona A dan zona B diperoleh sebesar 43 cm, dengan kisaran panjang cagak cakalang yang tertangkap di zona A berkisar antara 26,0-72,0 cm, dan di zona B berkisar antara 26-71 cm. Tingkat kematangan gonad cakalang yang tertangkap di zona A dan zona B, diperoleh beberapa tingkat kematangan gonad yaitu TKG I, TKG II, TKG III, TKG IV, dan TKG V. TKG V dari cakalang yang tertangkap di sekitar rumpon zona A ditemukan pada bulan Maret dan B pada bulan Juli, sehingga dapat diduga cakalang di kedua zona memijah sepanjang tahun dengan puncak terjadi pada bulan Maret untuk zona A dan Juli zona B.
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