Background: Osteosarcoma is known as the malignant tumors of bone. Cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (C3G) has a powerful ability to induce apoptotic cell death in the different cancer cells however the mechanisms of action for C3G have not been clarified yet. Objective: In this study, we have investigated the apoptotic effects of C3G on three different osteosarcoma cell lines including Saso-2, MG-63, G-292 (clone A141B1). Methods: The 24 hours IC50 of C3G for Saso-2, G-292, and MG-63 cells was evaluated by MTT assay. Apoptosis induction in these cell lines after treatment with C3G approved by the way of Annexin V/PI flow cytometry. Changes at the mRNA expression level of PPARγ, P21, Bax, and Bcl-xl genes have investigated by real-time PCR technique, as well as P21 expression was further confirmed by western blotting. Results: The MTT assay results have demonstrated that the 24 hours IC50 of C3G for Saso-2 and G-292 cells was 110μg/ml while it was about 140μg/ml for the MG-63 cells. The results of real-time PCR have clearly shown that treatment of the cells with 24 hours IC50 of C3G case to upregulation of PPARγ, P21, and Bax genes. Also, western blot analyzing confirmed that P21 protein overexpressed endogenously after treatment of cells with C3G which it was more upregulated in MG-63 cells compared to the other cell lines. Conclusion: The final outcomes introduce the C3G as a novel anti-osteosarcoma agent with the ability to induce apoptosis in different osteosarcoma cells via upregulation of the PPARγ and the P21.

The solubilities of naproxen in the binary and ternary mixtures of polyethylene glycols 200, 400 or 600 with ethanol and water (185 data points) at 298.2 K are determined and mathematically represented by cosolvency models. The obtained overall mean relative deviations (OMRDs) for fitting the solubility data of naproxen in binary and ternary mixtures using Williams-Amidon and Jouyban-Acree model are 15.7% and 16.5%, respectively, and the OMRD values for predicting the solubility data of naproxen by the trained versions of Williams-Amison and Jouyban-Acree models are 71.1% and 64.4%, respectively.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common type of liver cancer which arises from the main cells in the liver. We address many studies investigating anti-cancer role of hypericin, however the proposing corresponding molecular pathway seems to be still a debate. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the apoptotic effect of hypericin on the Huh7 as the liver cancer cell line and its relation with the gate keeper gene P53. Materials and Methods: In this study, the Huh7 cell line and fibroblast cells (as control group) were treated with different concentrations of hypericin for 24 and 48 hours. Detection of cell death was performed by MTT assay and flow cytometry. The expression of bax, bcl2 and p53 mRNAs was evaluated by Real-time PCR. Also, Immunocytochemistry (ICC) analysis was used for further evaluation of P53expression. Results: The results showed that hypericin has a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on the Huh7 cell line, with no or marginal effect on fibroblastic cells. According to flow cytometry results, about 53%cells underwent apoptosis after exposure to LD50 of hypericin for 24 hours. Real-time PCR data demonstrated that the pro-apoptotic genes Bax and P53 expression level increased. Expectedly ICC results confirmed the up-regulation of P53 proteins in treated samples. Conclusion: Our results indicate the cytotoxicity of hypericin on Huh7 cells by affecting the expression of the gate keeper gene P53; furthermore it is suggested that this herb can be utilized simultaneously with modalities targeting P53 up-regulation or related molecular pathways. [GMJ.2020;9:e1896]