Biofilm-mediated bioremediation presents a proficient alternative to bioremediation with planktonic microorganisms and are generally associated with microbial hydrocarbons resistance or tolerance. Here we report on the ability of three species of Pseudomonas biofilm-associated cells (P. fluorescens, P. putida and P. aeruginosa) to degrade gasoline (hydrocarbon mixtures), xylene and benzene (monoaromatic compounds) and cyclohexane (cyclic compounds). Changes in biofilm formation and siderophores production were monitored in the presence of different concentrations of benzene and xylene. All strains were able to synthesize biosurfactant compounds and were able to tolerate aromatic hydrocarbon more than the cyclic compounds. Our results indicated that hydrocarbon mixture or gasoline could be better biodegraded by bacterial consortia; P. aeruginosa exhibited the best tolerance to gasoline but not to benzene and cyclohexane. It is interesting to point out that P. fluorescens was able to use xylene and benzene even though P. putida was incapable to grow on benzene as a carbon source. Statistically no significant positive correlation (r = 0.94; p > 0.01) between biofilm formation and surface tension, whereas with E24 and cells hydrophobicity we signaled a linear negative relationship (r = -93, r = -086).This study is essential since Pseudomonas biofilms are found to have implication in bioremediation of hydrocarbons.
In the recent decades, antimicrobial plant products have gained special interest because of the resistance to antibiotics that some microorganisms have acquired. Aromatic and medicinal plants are an important source of bioactive molecules, especially in volatile extracts, that are considered among the most important antimicrobial agents present in these plants. Volatile components of Artemisia herba-alba Asso essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation growing in Algeria (Djelfacityof south Algeria) were investigated by GC/FID and GC-MS. The major components were found to be camphor (39.5%), chrysanthenone (10.38%), 1,8-cineole (8.6%), α-thujone (7.03%), Borneol (3.35%) and bornyl acetate (2.52%). The essential oil has been tested for antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Inhibition of growth was tested by the agar diffusion method. The Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was determined by the method of agar dilution.
This study reports on a series of investigations into the cyto-biochemical and the antimicrobial properties of essential oil of Zingiber officinale Roscoe. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation and subjected to GC analysis. Citral (30.8 %) and zingiberene (17.07 %) were the major component. Compared with a number of antibiotics, the antimicrobial activity of this oil was found to be better than Chloramphenicol, Sulfamethoxazole, Penicillin G, Ampicillin and Erythromycin but less important than Gentamicin. Interestingly, ginger oil have shown moderate to good inhibitory effects (66.66 %) against S. aureus , S. pyogenes, B. subtilis, E.coli , S. typhi and P. aeruginosa whereas P. mirabilis, C. koseri and A. niger exhibited a complete resistant towards the tested essential oil. It was concluded that this oil extract can be used as a preservative against some human pathogens.
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